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, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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Basque
Etymology 1
Suffix
-ek
- Ergative plural suffix.
- Txakurrek katuak jan dituzte. ― The dogs have eaten the cats.
Declension
Etymology 2
From -e- (epenthetic vowel) + -k (ergative suffix).
Suffix
-ek
- Allomorphic post-consonantal form of -k (ergative indefinite suffix)
Declension
Breton
Pronunciation
Suffix
-ek
- Adjectival suffix
- douar (“earth”) + -ek → douarek (“earthy, earthly”)
- dour (“water”) + -ek → dourek (“watery, humid”)
- houarn (“iron”) + -ek → houarnek (“ferrous”)
Derived terms
Related terms
Cornish
Pronunciation
- (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA(key):
- (Revived Late Cornish) IPA(key):
Suffix
-ek
- Adjectival suffix
- mor (“sea”) + -ek → morek (“maritime”)
- spern (“thorn bushes”) + -ek → spernek (“thorny”)
- Frynk (“France”) + -ek → frynkek (“French”)
Derived terms
Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ.
Suffix
-ek m inan or m anim (noun-forming suffix)
- forms masculine diminutive nouns
- stůl + -ek → stolek
Declension
inanimate:
Declension of -ek (velar masculine inanimate reducible)
animate:
Declension of -ek (velar masculine animate reducible)
Derived terms
Further reading
- -ek in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017
Hungarian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From -e- (linking vowel) + -k (plural suffix).
Suffix
-ek
- (plural suffix) -s, -es
- kert (“garden”) + -ek → kertek (“gardens”)
Usage notes
- (plural suffix) Variants:
- -k is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
- nő (“woman”) + -k → nők (“women”)
- fa (“tree”) + -k → fák (“trees”)
- csésze (“cup”) + -k → csészék (“cups”)
- -ak is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant:
- ház (“house”) + -ak → házak (“houses”)
- -ok is added to most back-vowel words ending in a consonant:
- pad (“bench”) + -ok → padok (“benches”)
- -ek is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant:
- kert (“garden”) + -ek → kertek (“gardens”)
- könyv (“book”) + -ek → könyvek (“books”)
- -ök is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant:
- kör (“circle”) + -ök → körök (“circles”)
- Note that the plural form is not used after definite and indefinite numerals in Hungarian: három könyv (“three books”), néhány óra múlva (“in a few hours’ time”). There are very few (traditional, archaic) exceptions, including háromkirályok (“the Three Magi”), mindenszentek (“All Saints”), and certain archaic phrases with összes (“all”) and minden (“every”) (see their Usage notes).
- The regular plural suffix for back-vowel adjectives is -ak, for example okosak (“smart/clever ones”). On the other hand, ethnonyms take -ok (e.g. olaszok (“Italians”), see the back-vowel terms in their category), as well as some other adjectives, including privative (“…-less”) ones (formed with -talan, -atlan, or -tlan). Rounded front-vowel adjectives normally take -ek, for example zöldek (“green ones”), except for demonyms (see rounded front-vowel terms in their category).
- If a word can be both a noun and an adjective, the form of its ending gives information about its function, e.g. játékosok (“players”, noun) and játékosak (“playful”, adjective as part of a plural predicate). The same distinction also exists with words with rounded front vowels, e.g. ismerős: ismerősök (“acquaintances”, noun) and ismerősek (“familiar”, adjective as part of a plural predicate).
Etymology 2
From -e- (linking vowel) + -k (personal suffix).
Suffix
-ek
- (personal suffix) Forms the first-person singular present tense of verbs (indicative mood, indefinite conjugation).
- kér (“to ask, request”) + -ek → kérek (“I ask, I am asking”)
- Engedélyt kérek a távozásra. ― I request permission to leave.
Usage notes
Present tense indefinite – personal suffixes
- (personal suffix) Variants:
- -ok is added to back-vowel verbs
- -ek is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs
- -ök is added to rounded front-vowel verbs
- -om may be added to back-vowel -ik verbs
- -em may be added to unrounded front-vowel -ik verbs
- -öm may be added to rounded front-vowel -ik verbs
See also
Mokilese
Suffix
-ek
- Used to form intransitive verbs
Usage notes
This suffix becomes -iek after a vowel.
Northern Kurdish
Pronunciation
Suffix
-ek (Arabic spelling ـەک)
- (affixed to words ending in a consonant) Alternative form of -yek (“a, an (indefinite article)”)
Northern Ohlone
Alternative forms
Etymology
Compare Southern Ohlone kan-.
Pronoun
-ek
- I (first-person, singular, subject enclitic pronoun)
See also
Northern Ohlone personal pronouns
| Number
|
Person
|
Subject
|
Object
|
Possesive
|
| Disjunctive1
|
Proclitic
|
Enclitic
|
Disjunctive1
|
Proclitic
|
Enclitic
|
| Singular
|
First
|
kaana
|
ek-
|
-ek, -k
|
kiš, kaaniš
|
kiš-
|
-kiš
|
ek-, kaanak
|
| Second
|
meene
|
em-, im-
|
-em, -im, -m
|
miš
|
emiš-, imiš-, miš-
|
-miš
|
em-, meenem
|
| Third
|
waaka
|
Ø-2
|
-Ø2
|
wiš
|
Ø-2, eš-
|
-Ø2, -eš
|
i-, waakai-
|
| Plural
|
First
|
makkin
|
mak-
|
-mak
|
makkiš, makkinše
|
—
|
—
|
mak-, makkinmak
|
| Second
|
makkam
|
kam-
|
-kam
|
makkamše
|
—
|
—
|
kam-, makkam
|
| Third
|
waakamak
|
ya-
|
-ya
|
yaṭiš
|
—
|
—
|
ya-, waakamak
|
1Disjunctive is mostly used in copular sentences or for emphasis, either alone (eg. kaana) or with a clitic (eg. kaana-k ...-ek).
2Null morpheme. An unmarked verb implies a third person singular pronoun. The disjunctives waaka and wiš may also be used.
Note: Proclitic and enclitic forms can combine an undergo syncope, eg. ellešk (“let me do to him/her/it”) = elle + -eš + -ek
|
References
María de los Angeles Colós, José Guzman, and John Peabody Harrington (1930s) Chochenyo Field Notes (Survey of California and Other Indian Langauges), Unpublished
Polish
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛk/
- Rhymes: -ɛk
- Syllabification: ek
Suffix
-ek m
- masculine diminutive noun suffix
- dół + -ek → dołek
- Jarosław + -ek → Jarek
Declension
Masculine personal:
Note: The masculine personal nominative plural ending -ki is rare and mostly limited to depreciative forms or humorous expressions such as bawidamek, gagatek, złodziejaszek, hultajek, psotniczek, łobuziaczek.
Masculine animate:
Masculine inanimate:
Derived terms
See also
Further reading
- -ek in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Serbo-Croatian
Suffix
-ek (Cyrillic spelling -ек)
- Suffix appended to the present stem of verbs or nouns to form an adjective denoting a feature or a dimension.
See also
Suffix
-ek (Cyrillic spelling -ек)
- (Kajkavian) Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a performer, feature, human relation, result of an action, object, diminutive or a proper name.
Turkish
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish ـك (-ek), from Proto-Turkic *-gek.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-ek
- Creates nouns out of verbs.
Derived terms
Yup'ik
Suffix
-ek
- ablative-modalis case ending
Usage notes
A historical merger of ablative and modalis (instrumental). It performs a wide range of adverbial and syntactic functions.
References
- ^ Miyaoka, Osahito (2012) A Grammar of Central Alaskan Yupik (CAY), Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter GmbH, →ISBN, page 750