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Note that the plural form is not used after definite and indefinite numerals in Hungarian: három könyv(“three books”), néhány óra múlva(“in a few hours’ time”). There are very few (traditional, archaic) exceptions, including háromkirályok(“the Three Magi”), mindenszentek(“All Saints”), and certain archaic phrases with összes(“all”) and minden(“every”) (see their Usage notes).
The regular plural suffix for back-vowel adjectives is -ak, for example okosak(“smart/clever ones”). On the other hand, ethnonyms take -ok (e.g. olaszok(“Italians”), see the back-vowel terms in their category), as well as some other adjectives, including privative(“…-less”) ones (formed with -talan,-atlan, or -tlan). Rounded front-vowel adjectives normally take -ek, for example zöldek(“green ones”), except for demonyms (see rounded front-vowel terms in their category).
If a word can be both a noun and an adjective, the form of its ending gives information about its function, e.g. játékosok(“players”, noun) and játékosak(“playful”, adjective as part of a plural predicate). The same distinction also exists with words with rounded front vowels, e.g. ismerős: ismerősök(“acquaintances”, noun) and ismerősek(“familiar”, adjective as part of a plural predicate).
1Disjunctive is mostly used in copular sentences or for emphasis, either alone (eg. kaana) or with a clitic (eg. kaana-k ...-ek). 2Null morpheme. An unmarked verb implies a third person singular pronoun. The disjunctives waaka and wiš may also be used. Note: Proclitic and enclitic forms can combine an undergo syncope, eg. ellešk(“let me do to him/her/it”) = elle + -eš + -ek
References
María de los Angeles Colós, José Guzman, and John Peabody Harrington (1930s) Chochenyo Field Notes (Survey of California and Other Indian Langauges), Unpublished
Note: The masculine personal nominative plural ending -ki is rare and mostly limited to depreciative forms or humorous expressions such as bawidamek, gagatek, złodziejaszek, hultajek, psotniczek, łobuziaczek.
(Kajkavian)Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a performer, feature, human relation, result of an action, object, diminutive or a proper name.