-hna

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Albanian

Alternative forms

  • -hem (Tosk, Standard)

Etymology

Personal suffix -hna is the Gheg variant of Tosk and Standard Albanian -hem (I, me). Compound of mediopassive marker h + -na (I, me) personal suffix. Indicating 1st person singular, indicative, present.

See Gheg Albanian -na for more.

Pronunciation

Suffix

-hna

  1. suffix used for 1st person singular (mediopassive voice) - indicative, present form. Not used for verbs ending with h- (such as shpreh, eh, etc.; in this case suffix -na is used)
  2. Forms verbs in mediopassive voice from active voice
    active bâj (I do, make, appear) + -hnamediopassive bâhna (I become, turn into)
    (in Tosk & Standard Alb.: bëjbë[hem])
    active aorist bôna (I did, made)mediopassive aorist u + bôna (I became, turned into)
    (Tosk/Standard: bërau + bëra)
  3. Forms mediopassive verbs from adjectives
    adjective shkurt (short) + o-stem + -hnamediopassive verb shkurtohna (I become short(er))
    (Tosk/Standard: shkurtojshkurto[hem])
    active aorist shkurtova (I shortened)mediopassive aorist u + shkurtova (I became short(er))

Further reading

  • active bëj • "Fjalor Shqip" ('Albanian Dictionary')
  • mediopassive bëhem • "Fjalor Shqip" ('Albanian Dictionary')