-ire

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "ire"

Italian

Etymology

From Latin -ire.

Suffix

-ire

  1. used, with a stem, to form the infinitive of some Italian verbs

Usage notes

  • There are two groups of regular -ire verbs, one of which inserts isc between the stem and ending in the present tenses and in the imperative. these form the great majority of regular -ire verbs
  • See finire and dormire as examples of the conjugation of -ire verbs do and do not insert isc respectively
  • The verb dire does not count, being technically an irregular second conjugation verb whose "normal" base is dic-. Fare (to do), has a similar phenomenon.

Conjugation

(with -isc- form)

    Conjugation of -ìre (-ire) (See Appendix:Italian verbs)
infinitive -ìre
auxiliary verb avére, èssere gerund -èndo
present participle -ènte past participle -ìto
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative io tu lui/lei, esso/essa noi voi loro, essi/esse
present -ìsco -ìsci -ìsce -iàmo -ìte -ìscono
imperfect -ìvo -ìvi -ìva -ivàmo -ivàte -ìvano
past historic -ìi -ìsti -ì -ìmmo -ìste -ìrono
future -irò -irài -irà -irémo -iréte -irànno
conditional io tu lui/lei, esso/essa noi voi loro, essi/esse
present -irèi -irésti -irèbbe, -irébbe -irémmo -iréste -irèbbero, -irébbero
subjunctive che io che tu che lui/che lei, che esso/che essa che noi che voi che loro, che essi/che esse
present -ìsca -ìsca -ìsca -iàmo -iàte -ìscano
imperfect -ìssi -ìssi -ìsse -ìssimo -ìste -ìssero
imperative — tu Lei noi voi Loro
-ìsci -ìsca -iàmo -ìte -ìscano
negative imperative non -ìre non -ìsca non -iàmo non -ìte non -ìscano

(without -isc- form)

    Conjugation of -ìre (-ire) (See Appendix:Italian verbs)
infinitive -ìre
auxiliary verb avére, èssere gerund -èndo
present participle -ènte past participle -ìto
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative io tu lui/lei, esso/essa noi voi loro, essi/esse
present -o -i -e -iàmo -ìte -ono
imperfect -ìvo -ìvi -ìva -ivàmo -ivàte -ìvano
past historic -ìi -ìsti -ì -ìmmo -ìste -ìrono
future -irò -irài -irà -irémo -iréte -irànno
conditional io tu lui/lei, esso/essa noi voi loro, essi/esse
present -irèi -irésti -irèbbe, -irébbe -irémmo -iréste -irèbbero, -irébbero
subjunctive che io che tu che lui/che lei, che esso/che essa che noi che voi che loro, che essi/che esse
present -a -a -a -iàmo -iàte -ano
imperfect -ìssi -ìssi -ìsse -ìssimo -ìste -ìssero
imperative — tu Lei noi voi Loro
-i -a -iàmo -ìte -ano
negative imperative non -ìre non -a non -iàmo non -ìte non -ano
-ire verbs that do not insert isc
-ire verbs that can be used with or without insertion of isc
Irregular -ire verbs

See also

Further reading

  • Italian Grammar Handbook, Aust, D., 1994, Berlitz Publishing Co., Ltd.

Anagrams

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *-jezi, in which z changed into r due to rhotacism. Formed by analogy with -ere.

Pronunciation

Suffix

-īre

  1. present active infinitive of -iō (fourth conjugation)
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