-isch

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See also: isch, Isch, and ìsch

Dutch

Etymology

    Borrowed from German -isch. The native Dutch cognates are -s, earlier -sch.[1] The pronunciation /is/ is due to an earlier pronunciation standard, by which all German vowels were to be tense. (The contemporary German standard pronunciation is /ɪʃ/.) More at -ish.

    Pronunciation

    Suffix

    -isch

    1. -ic, -ian
      fantastischfantastic
      utopischutopian

    Declension

    Declension of -isch
    uninflected -isch
    inflected -ische
    comparative -ischer
    positive comparative superlative
    predicative/adverbial -isch -ischer het -ischt
    het -ischte
    indefinite m./f. sing. -ische -ischere -ischte
    n. sing. -isch -ischer -ischte
    plural -ische -ischere -ischte
    definite -ische -ischere -ischte
    partitive -isch -ischers

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Afrikaans: -ies
    • Indonesian: -is

    References

    1. ^ A. van Loey, "Schönfeld's Historische Grammatica van het Nederlands", Zutphen, 8. druk, 1970, →ISBN; § 171

    German

    Etymology

      From Middle High German -isch, from Old High German -isc, from Proto-West Germanic *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ɪʃ/ (standard)
      • IPA(key): /əʃ/ (variant in common speech)
      • Audio:(file)

      Suffix

      -isch

      1. an adjectival suffix, often matching -ic and -ical
      2. of a nationality, or the language associated with a nationality; often matches -ish or -ian

      Descendants

      See also

      Middle English

      Suffix

      -isch

      1. Alternative form of -yssh

      Middle High German

      Etymology

        From Old High German -isc, from Proto-West Germanic *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz, from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos.

        Suffix

        -isch

        1. used to form adjectives
          alp (elf) + ‎-isch → ‎elbisch (elven)
        2. used to form demonyms
          Ītālia (Italy) + ‎-isch → ‎ītālisch (Italian)

        Derived terms

        Descendants