-izo

• -idiō (non-standard spelling; 2nd c. CE onwards)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek -ίζω (-ízō). At first limited to borrowings from Greek but later become a productive suffix of its own. Doublet of -issō, which is found in an older layer of borrowings.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈiz.zoː/,
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈid.d͡zo/,

-izō (present infinitive -izāre, perfect active -izāvī, supine -izātum); first conjugation

1. Used to form similative verbs from nouns and adjectives.

¹At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.
²The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Borrowings:

• Meul, Claire. 2013. The fate of the -ID(I)- morpheme in the Central Dolomitic Ladin varieties of northern Italy: Variable conditioning of a morphological mechanism. In Cruschina, Silvio & Maiden, Martin & Smith, John Charles (eds.), The boundaries of pure morphology: Diachronic and synchronic perspectives, 68–95. Oxford University Press.

Inherited from Latin -īcius. Compare Portuguese -iço, Catalan -ís.

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /ˈiθo/
• IPA^(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /ˈiso/
• Rhymes: -iθo
• Rhymes: -iso
• Syllabification: -i‧zo

-izo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -iza, masculine plural -izos, feminine plural -izas)

1. forms adjectives from other adjectives, nouns, and verbs usually denoting propensity or likeness

   ‎enfermo (“sick”) + ‎-izo → ‎enfermizo (“sickly”)

   ‎rojo (“red”) + ‎-izo → ‎rojizo (“reddish”)

   ‎cobre (“copper”) + ‎-izo → ‎cobrizo (“copper (colored)”)

• “-izo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28