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-iş. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
-iş, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
-iş in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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Azerbaijani
Etymology 1
Cognate with Uyghur -ىش (-ish).
Pronunciation
Suffix
-iş
- Suffix creating nouns from verbs.[1]
- axtarmaq (“to search”) + -ış → axtarış (“search”)
- satmaq (“to sell”) + -ış → satış (“sale”)
- oyanmaq (“to awake”) + -ış → oyanış (“awakening”)
- girmək (“to enter”) + -iş → giriş (“entrance”)
- getmək (“to walk, to travel”) + -iş → gediş (“journey”)
- uçmaq (“to fly”) + -uş → uçuş (“flight”)
- udmaq (“to win”) + -uş → uduş (“win, gain”)
- gülmək (“to laugh”) + -üş → gülüş (“laughter”)
- görmək (“to see”) + -üş → görüş (“meeting, encounter”)
- söymək (“to curse, to scold”) + -üş → söyüş (“curse, foul language”)
- yaşamaq (“to live”) + -yış → yaşayış
- anlamaq (“to understand”) + -yış → anlayış
Usage notes
A notable irregularity is yürümək, taking -ş:
- yürümək (“to go”) + -ş → yürüş (“march”)
Declension
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Suffix
|
|
preceding vowel
|
| A / I
|
E / Ə / İ
|
O / U
|
Ö / Ü
|
| postconsonantal
|
-ış
|
-iş
|
-uş
|
-üş
|
| postvocalic
|
-ş
|
-iş
- Reciprocative suffix.[2]
- baxmaq + -iş → baxışmaq
- bitmək + -iş → bitişmək
- çəkmək + -iş → çəkişmək
- vurmaq (“to hit, punch”) + -iş → vuruşmaq (“to battle, fight”)
- döymək (“to beat”) + -iş → döyüşmək (“to fight, combat”)
- yürümək + -ş → yürüşmək
- tanımaq + -ş → tanışmaq
Usage notes
Verbs with monosyllabic vowel-ending stems generally take a y before the suffixes -il, -in, or -iş:
- demək (“to say”) + -iş → deyişmək (“to argue”)
Derived terms
References
- ^ Şirəliyev, Məmmədağa, Sevortyan, Ervand (1971) “-iş”, in Grammatika azerbajdžanskovo jazyka. Fonetika, morfologija i sintaksis. [Grammar of Azerbaijani language. Phonetics, morphology, syntax.], Baku: Elm, page 54.
- ^ Şirəliyev, Məmmədağa, Sevortyan, Ervand (1971) “-iş”, in Grammatika azerbajdžanskovo jazyka. Fonetika, morfologija i sintaksis. [Grammar of Azerbaijani language. Phonetics, morphology, syntax.], Baku: Elm, page 96.
Crimean Tatar
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *-iĺč.
Suffix
-iş
- Derived reciprocal forms of verbs.
- tapmaq (“to find”) + -ış → tapışmaq (“to find each other”)
Turkish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـش (-iş), from Old Anatolian Turkish ـش (iş), from Proto-Turkic *-iĺ.
Suffix
-iş (noun-forming suffixes)
- Derives nouns from verbs.
- bakmak (“to look”) + -ış → bakış (“look”)
- inmek (“to land”) + -iş → iniş (“landing”)
- görmek (“to see”) + -üş → görüş (“sight”)
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـش (-iş), from Old Anatolian Turkish ـش (-iş), from Proto-Turkic *-iĺč.
Suffix
|
|
preceding vowel
|
| A / I
|
E / İ
|
O / U
|
Ö / Ü
|
| postconsonantal
|
-ış
|
-iş
|
-uş
|
-üş
|
| postvocalic
|
-ş
|
-iş
- Derived reciprocal forms of verbs.
- bakmak (“to look”) + -ış → bakışmak (“to look at each other”)
- sevmek (“to like, love”) + -iş → sevişmek (“to make love”)
Derived terms
Etymology 3
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Suffix
-iş
- A suffix forming terms of endearment.
- kedi (“cat”) + -ş → kediş (“kitty”)
Usage notes
- Stritcly speaking, -iş doesn't adhere to a vowel harmony rule and the variant that will give the euphonious result is chosen almost arbitrarily. Tatlış and tatliş (from tatlı) coexist. For some given names there are multiple affectionate alternative forms ending in -oş, -iş, -üş, etc.
Derived terms