-ku

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "ku"

Indonesian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Malay -ku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku, from Proto-Austronesian *ku.

Pronunciation

Suffix

-ku

  1. (casual or informal) First person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.
    1. As an possesive adjective.
      anakku ― my child
    2. As an direct or indirect object
      dia mencintaiku ― he loves me
      dia memberiku hadiah ― he gave me a gift
    3. As an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and 'dalam'.
      mereka sombong kepadaku ― they are arrogant to me

Usage notes

As with other enclitic pronouns in the language, this enclitic is optional.

See also

Further reading

Japanese

Romanization

-ku

  1. Rōmaji transcription of く

Makasar

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku, from Proto-Austronesian *ku.

Pronunciation

Suffix

-ku (possessive suffix, Lontara spelling ᨀᨘ)

  1. my
  2. our (first person plural exclusive)

See also

Makasar free and bound pronouns
Independent Absolutive Nominative Possessive
1st sg / 1st pl excl nakke -a' ku- -ku
1st pl excl (archaic) kambe -kang ki- -mang
1st pl incl / 2nd sg polite katte -ki' ki- -ta
2nd sg / pl familiar kau -ko nu- -nu
3rd sg / pl ia -i na- -na

Malay

Etymology

From ku, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ku, from Proto-Austronesian *ku.

Pronunciation

Suffix

-ku (Jawi spelling -کو) (informal)

  1. me (direct object of a verb)
    Dia memarahiku.
    He scolded me.
  2. me (object of a preposition)
    Dia pergi denganku.
    He went with me.
  3. me (indirect object of a verb)
  4. my (belonging to me)
    "Negaraku"
    "My Country"
    Ini rumahku.
    This is my house.

See also

Malay personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person standard saya／ساي
aku／اکو, ku-／كو- (informal/towards God)
-ku／-كو (informal possessive)
hamba／همبا (dated) 		kami／کامي (exclusive)
kita orang／كيت اورڠ (informal exclusive)
kita／کيت (inclusive)
royal beta／بيتا
2nd person standard kamu／کامو
anda／اندا (formal)
engkau／اڠکاو, kau-／كاو- (informal/towards God)
awak／اوق (friendly/older towards younger)
-mu／-مو (possessive) 		awak semua／اوق سموا
kamu semua／كامو سموا
kalian／کالين (informal)
kau orang／كاو اورڠ (informal)
royal tuanku／توانكو
3rd person standard dia／دي
ia／اي
beliau／بلياو (honorific)
-nya／-ڽ (possessive) 		mereka／مريک
dia orang／دي اورڠ (informal)
royal baginda／بݢيندا

Maori

Suffix

-ku

  1. Used in contractions with particles of possession to mean me

See also

Maori personal pronouns
singular dual plural
1st person (exclusive) au, ahau māua mātou
1st person (inclusive) tāua tātou
2nd person koe kōrua koutou
3rd person ia rāua rātou

Pipil

Alternative forms

Suffix

-ku

  1. (no longer productive) locative suffix (meaning "in") used after a consonant

Further reading

  • Campbell, L. (1985). The Pipil Language of El Salvador. Mouton De Gruyter. p.47

Quechua

Not to be confused with -nku, -yku

Suffix

-ku

  1. reflexive suffix: to or for oneself
    mayllay (“to wash something”) → mayllakuy (“to wash oneself”)
    rantiy (“to buy something”) → rantikuy (“to buy something for oneself”)

Derived terms

Quechua terms suffixed with -ku
Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia