-maton

-ma +‎ -ton

-maton (front vowel harmony variant -mätön, linguistic notation -mAtOn)

1. Forms negative adjectives indicating lack of an action from intransitive verbs; un- ~ -ed

   ‎olla (“to be”) + ‎-maton → ‎olematon (“nonexistent”)

2. Forms negative adjectives indicating lack of action upon the object from transitive verbs; un- ~ -ed

   ‎jakaa (“to divide”) + ‎-maton → ‎jakamaton (“undivided”)

   ‎syödä (“to eat”) + ‎-maton → ‎syömätön (“uneaten”)

3. Forms negative adjectives indicating incapability from transitive verbs; in- ~ -able, un- ~ -able

   ‎kieltää (“to deny”) + ‎-maton → ‎kieltämätön (“undeniable”)

   ‎lukea (“to count”) + ‎-maton → ‎lukematon (“innumerable”)

The corresponding positive adjectives are formed with multiple different suffixes. Sense 1 corresponds to adjectival use of active participles formed with -va, -nut, sense 2 to passive participles formed with -ttu, sense 3 to passive participles formed with -ttava.

• Hakulinen, Lauri. 1941–2000. Suomen kielen rakenne ja kehitys ('The Structure and Development of the Finnish Language'). Helsinki: Otava/Helsingin yliopisto.

• manto, monta