-nge-

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "nge"

Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Infix

-nge-

  1. would, present conditional maker
    Antonym: -singe-
    Ningefanya tofauti. ― I would do it differently.
    • 1952, Biblio [Swahili Union Version Bible], United Bible Societies, 2 Wakorintho 12:6:
      Maana kama ningetaka kujisifu singekuwa mpumbavu, kwa sababu nitasema kweli.
      Because if I wanted to brag, I would not be a fool, because I would tell the truth.

Usage notes

The negative conditional can be expressed by using positive subject concords and inserting -si- immediately before -nge-, or by using negative subject concords.

Conjugation

Conjugation of -nge- (positive)
Singular Plural
1st person ninge- tunge-
2nd person unge- mnge-
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ange- wange-
m-mi(III/IV) unge- inge-
ji-ma(V/VI) linge- yange-
ki-vi(VII/VIII) kinge- vinge-
n(IX/X) inge- zinge-
u(XI) unge- see n(X) or ma(VI)
ku(XV/XVII) kunge-
pa(XVI) pange-
mu(XVIII) mnge-
For more information, see Appendix:Swahili verbs.
Conjugation of -nge- (negative)
Singular Plural
1st person singe- hatunge-
2nd person hunge- hamnge-
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hange- hawange-
m-mi(III/IV) haunge- hainge-
ji-ma(V/VI) halinge- hayange-
ki-vi(VII/VIII) hakinge- havinge-
n(IX/X) hainge- hazinge-
u(XI) haunge- see n(X) or ma(VI)
ku(XV/XVII) hakunge-
pa(XVI) hapange-
mu(XVIII) hamnge-
For more information, see Appendix:Swahili verbs.

See also

Swahili TAM markers
Initial
Positive infinitive ku-/kw-1
Negative infinitive kuto-
Habitual hu-1
Telegrammic ka-1
Final
General (positive indicative) -a
Positive subjunctive -e
Negative present -i
Second person plural -ni
Infix position
positive subject concord
Positive past -li-
Positive present -na-
Positive future -ta-
Negative subjunctive -si-1
Positive present conditional -nge-
Negative present conditional -singe-
Positive past conditional -ngali-
Negative past conditional -singali-
Gnomic -a-1
Perfect -me-
"Already" past -lisha-
"Already" present -mesha-/-sha-
"If/When" -ki-1
"If not" -sipo-
Consecutive -ka-1
Infix position
negative subject concord
Negative past -ku-1
Negative future -ta-
"Not yet" -ja-1
Negative present conditional -nge-
Negative past conditional -ngali-
Relative
Past -li-
Present -na-
Future -taka-
Negative -si-
1 Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-/-kw- in monosyllabic verbs.
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