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-nis. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
-nis, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
-nis in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
-nis you have here. The definition of the word
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Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch -nissi, -nussi, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī.
Suffix
-nis f (plural -nissen)
- -ment, -ation, -ness
Usage notes
- While a cognate of -ness, this Dutch suffix is not an exact equivalent semantically; for example, it is not restricted to abstract nouns representing states of being but also produces more concrete, countable nouns, particularly action nouns.
- The deverbal suffix -nis proved one of the most productive noun-forming suffixes in Dutch up until 16th century Dutch.[1] It was a deverbal noun former and formed with verbal stems, infinitives or participles. Nowadays, the suffix -nis “-ness” is either no longer productive or at most marginally productive.
- In a few cases, the suffix carries a neuter gender; for example in vonnis and vuilnis
Derived terms
References
German
Etymology
From Middle High German -nisse, from Old High German -nissī f, -nissi n, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī. Cognate to English -ness.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-nis n (genitive -nisses, plural -nisse)
- A suffix for deriving nouns from verbs or adjectives.
- hindern (“to hinder, to hamper”) → Hindernis (“an obstacle”)
- geheim (“secret”, adjective) → Geheimnis (“a secret”, noun)
Derived terms
Suffix
-nis f (genitive -nis, plural -nisse)
- A suffix for deriving nouns from verbs or adjectives, etymologically identical to the preceding.
- erlauben (“to permit”) → Erlaubnis (“permission”)
- finster (“dark”) → Finsternis (“darkness”)
Usage notes
There is no perfect rule to determine whether a noun with the suffix -nis is neuter (→ suffix 1) or feminine (→ suffix 2). The former may be concrete or abstract, whereas the latter are almost exclusively abstract.
Derived terms
Middle English
Suffix
-nis
- Alternative form of -nesse
Old English
Pronunciation
Suffix
-nis f
- Alternative form of -nes