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-tt. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
-tt, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
-tt in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
-tt you have here. The definition of the word
-tt will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
-tt, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Hungarian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
- Past-participle suffix: From Proto-Uralic *-tt. First attested in 1055.
- Past-tense suffix: From the past-participle suffix. First attested in the end of 12th century.
Suffix
-tt
- past-tense and past-participle suffix (homonymous form in the vast majority of verbs):
- (past-tense suffix) -ed, -t (forms the past tense of a verb)
- megfő (“to be/get cooked”) → Az étel megfőtt. ― The meal is cooked.
- (past-participle suffix) -ed, -t (forms the past participle of a verb)
- fő (“to cook, to be/get cooked”) → főtt hús ― cooked meat
Usage notes
- (past-participle and past-tense suffix) Variants:
- -t is added to monosyllabic verbs ending in j, l, ly, n, ny, r (fáj, szel, fon, huny, sír) and to many bisyllabic verbs ending in -ad/-ed (akad, ered)
- -tt is added to verbs ending in a vowel (sző, nő, fő, lő, ró, rí)
- -ott is added to back-vowel verbs
- -ett is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs
- -ött is added to rounded front-vowel verbs
- (past-participle suffix) This form is the only option attributively. Predicatively, however, a construction of the existential verb van (or its negative form nincs) and the adverbial participle (with -va/-ve) is preferable, especially when speaking of the result achieved, although the suffix -t/-ott/-ett/-ött occurs predicatively as well, disputed as it may be.
Past tense indefinite/definite - personal endings
| Person
|
Indefinite
|
Definite
|
| Back vowel
|
Front vowel
|
Back vowel
|
Front vowel
|
| unrounded
|
rounded
|
unrounded
|
rounded
|
| én
|
1st person singular
Class A & D verbs
|
-tam
|
-tem
|
-tam
|
-tem
|
| Class B verbs
|
-ttam
|
-ttem
|
-ttam
|
-ttem
|
| Class C verbs
|
-ottam
|
-ettem
|
-öttem
|
-ottam
|
-ettem
|
-öttem
|
| te
|
2nd person singular
Class A & D verbs
|
-tál
|
-tél
|
-tad
|
-ted
|
| Class B verbs
|
-ttál
|
-ttél
|
-ttad
|
-tted
|
| Class C verbs
|
-ottál
|
-ettél
|
-öttél
|
-ottad
|
-etted
|
-ötted
|
ő
maga
ön
|
3rd person singular
Class A verbs
|
-t
|
-ta
|
-te
|
| Class B verbs
|
-tt
|
-tt
|
-tta
|
-tte
|
| Class C verbs
|
-ott
|
-ett
|
-ött
|
-otta
|
-ette
|
-ötte
|
| mi
|
1st person plural
Class A & D verbs
|
-tunk
|
-tünk
|
-tuk
|
-tük
|
| Class B verbs
|
-ttunk
|
-ttünk
|
-ttuk
|
-ttük
|
| Class C verbs
|
-ottunk
|
-ettünk
|
-öttünk
|
-ottuk
|
-ettük
|
-öttük
|
| ti
|
2nd person plural
Class A & D verbs
|
-tatok
|
-tetek
|
-tátok
|
-tétek
|
| Class B verbs
|
-ttatok
|
-ttetek
|
-ttátok
|
-ttétek
|
| Class C verbs
|
-ottatok
|
-ettetek
|
-öttetek
|
-ottátok
|
-ettétek
|
-öttétek
|
ők
maguk
önök
|
3rd person plural
Class A & D verbs
|
-tak
|
-tek
|
-ták
|
-ték
|
| Class B verbs
|
-ttak
|
-ttek
|
-tták
|
-tték
|
| Class C verbs
|
-ottak
|
-ettek
|
-öttek
|
-ották
|
-ették
|
-ötték
|
| én
|
1st person singular subject with
2nd-person object
Class A & D verbs
|
×
|
-talak
|
-telek
|
| Class B verbs
|
-ttalak
|
-ttelek
|
| Class C verbs
|
-ottalak
|
-ettelek
|
-öttelek
|
| Class A:
|
Use -t
|
1. after a single j, l, ly, n, ny, r (fáj, szel, fon, huny, sír)
2. in many bisyllabic verbs ending in -ad/-ed (akad, ered)
|
| Class B:
|
Use -tt
|
hí, fú, nyí, ó, ró, rí, sí, szí, jő, sző, nő, fő, lő, nyű
|
| Class C:
|
Use -ott/-ett/-ött
|
1. after two consonants (sóhajt, szerkeszt, köszönt)
2. after a long vowel + t (javít, terít)
3. fut, hat, jut, nyit, vet, köt, süt, üt
|
| Class D:
|
Use -ott/-ett/-ött in 3rd-person singular indefinite.
Use -t for all other persons.
|
All verbs not in Class A, B, C (olvas, keres, küld)
|
Etymology 2
Suffix
-tt
- (locative suffix, archaic) Added to a noun or an adjective to form the locative case.
- más (“other, else”) → másutt (“elsewhere”)
Usage notes
- (locative suffix) It is used only in a few city/town names along with the inessive case or superessive case. It can also be observed in a few local adverbs and postpositions. It is no longer productive. Variants:
- -t
- Kaposvárt, Kolozsvárt (also with -ott), közt, gyanánt, mint, képest
- -tt is added to words ending in a vowel
- itt, ott, másutt, együtt, hanyatt, alatt, miatt, előtt
- -ott is added to back-vowel words
- Kaposvárott (also with -t), Vácott, (Székes)fehérvárott, Kapuvárott, (outside present-day Hungary)
Érsekújvárott, Gyulafehérvárott, Kolozsvárott (also with -t), Temesvárott, (in Russia) (Szent)pétervárott
- -ett is added to unrounded front-vowel words
- Pécsett, felett, mellett, végett, helyett
- -ött is added to rounded front-vowel words
- Győrött (and Diósgyőrött), fölött, mögött, között
See also
References