-ák

• IPA^(key):

• Audio:

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-ák m anim or m inan (noun-forming suffix)

1. grader (noun suffix denoting a grade)

   ‎osmý + ‎-ák → ‎osmák

2. from nouns forms nouns that indicate the referent is characterized by or relating to the base noun

   ‎kříž + ‎-ák → ‎křižák

3. from adjectives forms nouns that indicate the referent has the property denoted by the base adjective

   ‎chytrý + ‎-ák → ‎chytrák

inanimate declension:

animate declension:

• -ák in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-akъ.

• IPA^(key):

-ák m

1. an agentive suffix

   ‎spievať + ‎-ák → ‎spevák

   ‎vŕtať + ‎-ák → ‎vrták

   ‎dívať sa + ‎-ák → ‎divák

2. forms the name of the bearer of a property from an adjective

   ‎chudý + ‎-ák → ‎chudák

   a suffix denoting that someone is pertaining to a grade or a class, -grader

   ‎štvrtý + ‎-ák → ‎štvrták

   forms a colloquial or slang term from an adjective

   ‎bombardovacie lietadlo + ‎-ák → ‎bombarďák

3. forms a demonym, mainly in case of regions and nations

   ‎Liptov + ‎-ák → ‎Lipták

   ‎Slovan + ‎-ák → ‎Slovák

4. an expressive, depreciative suffix

   ‎chlap + ‎-ák → ‎chlapák

5. an archaic suffix to create augmentative or depreciative forms of given names

   ‎Ján + ‎-ák → ‎Janák

6. a fictive suffix to adapt male forms of some borrowings

   ‎bosorka + ‎-ák → ‎bosorák

• Declension in case of an inanimate noun according to the declension pattern dub:

• Declension in case of an animate noun according to the declension pattern chlap:

• -iak (“alternative form of -ák after roots in a (historically) soft or palatalizeable consonant”)
• -áčka ~ -iačka
• -čiak ~ -čák
• -niak

• Pauliny, Eugen - Ružička, Jozef - Štolc, Jozef (1968), Slovenská gramatika (in Slovak), 5th edition, Bratislava: Slovenské pedagogické nakladateľstvo, pages 145-152
• -ák in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk