Agonalia
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Latin
Alternative forms
Etymology
An unknown root + -ālia. One theory states that, while the festival was later performed in the Regia along the Via Sacra, the Regia used to reside on the Collis Quirinalis, which was formerly known as Agōnus and which gave the epithet Agōnensis to the Porta Collina.[1][2][3]
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /a.ɡoːˈnaː.li.a/,
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /a.ɡoˈna.li.a/,
Proper noun
Agōnālia n pl (genitive Agōnālium or Agōnāliōrum); third declension
- (religion) a Roman festival held on January 9th, May 21st, December 11th, and probably March 17th in which the rex sacrorum sacrificed a ram to the gods
Usage notes
- The festival was supposedly founded by Numa Pompilius and continued by the Roman kings until their removal, at which point the rex sacrorum took the position.
- The festival of Agōnium Mārtiāle was celebrated in honor of Mars on March 17th, the same day as Līberālia, and was almost certainly another form of Agōnālia.
Declension
Third-declension noun (neuter, “pure” i-stem), plural only.
| plural | |
|---|---|
| nominative | Agōnālia |
| genitive | Agōnālium Agōnāliōrum |
| dative | Agōnālibus |
| accusative | Agōnālia |
| ablative | Agōnālibus |
| vocative | Agōnālia |
Related terms
References
- “Agonalia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Agonalia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “Agōnālia” on page 100/2 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
- ^ Gaius Julius Solinus (c. 3rd century CE) De mirabilibus mundi (in Latin): “Numa in colle primum Quirinali deinde propter aedem Vestae in regia quae adhuc appellatur.”
- ^ Sextus Pompeius Festus in Paulus Diaconus (c. 3rd century CE) De significatu verborum (in Latin): “Agonalia ejus festivitatem, sive quia agones dicebant montes. Agonia sacrificia, quae fiebant in monte. Hinc Romae mons Quirinalis Agonus et Collina Agonensis.”
- ^ Smith, William (1847 CE) “On the Roman Festival of Agonalia”, in Classical Museum: A Journal of Philology and of Ancient History and Literature, volume 4, London, Upper Gower Street: Taylor and Walton, pages 154-157