The following comparative word list of Momo languages is from Blench (2010).
English | Balo | Alunfa | Osatu | Manta | Bantakpa | Tanka | Menka | Atong | Busam | Ambele |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mouth | oɲu | ɔnu | ɔndo | ɛ́-ɲúú /á- | ɛɲu | ɛnu | adʒúm | ndzú | izúé | enu |
eye | iʃi | ɛʃi | iʃi | ɛ́-ʃíí /á- | ɛʃi | ɛʃi | ɪʃí | ɪsí | ɪsə́ | esi |
head | efɛ | ɛfɛ | ifi | féē /fésii | fii | fee | fi | fi | fi | ʤi |
hair (on head) | ɑʒuwe | ɛɲɔsɔfɛ | ogwɛ | ɲɔ̂ŋ /ɲɔ̂ŋse | ɲɔŋfii | ɲontʃifee | mwóŋ̀ | ɲôŋ | ɲôŋ | ʤɔnɔ |
tooth | ɛʃɔ | isɔ | isɔ | ɛ́-sɔ̌ŋ /á- | ɛsɔɔŋ | ɛsɔɔŋ | ɪsóŋ | ɪʃua | isóŋ | esáŋ |
tongue | enɑme | ɛnɛmɛ | indɔ | ɛ́-nɛ́méé /á- | ɛnɛmi | ɛnɛmɛ | ɪlɛ́ḿí | enɛ́mí | ɪlɛ́ḿní | eléma |
nose | eɣi | ɛyi | izwi | ɛ́-ʤíí /á- | ɛʒi | ɛʒwi | ɪzwí | ɪzwi | ɪwí | aɡí |
ear | oto: | ɔtuu | ɔto | ɛ́-tɔ́ŋéé /á- | ɛtoŋi | ɛtoŋe | ɔtɔ́ŋnɔ | etɔ́ŋní | ɪtóŋní | etú |
neck | ɔnme | ɔŋwɛ | ɔmi | ɛ́-méè /á- | ɛme | ɛmɛ | ɔmî | emî | amî | ɡemi |
back of neck | ɔkwa’adze | ɛŋkwalme | ɛŋkwalmi | ɛkpaɾɛme | ɛkwatmi | |||||
throat | intu’tɛndɔŋə | anindoŋ | anindoŋ | anindoŋ | ajua’a | |||||
breast | ebɛ | ɛbɛ | igbǝ | ɛ́-bɔ́n /á- | ɛbɔn | ɛbɔn | ɪbɔ́ŋ̄ | ebɔ́n | ɪbə́n | eben |
arm / hand | ɔbo | ɔbvɔ | ogbɔ | ɛ́-bwɔ́ɔ́ /á- | ɛbwɔ | ɛbwɔ | ɔbú | ɔbúʔɔ́ | ɪbu | ebó |
claw | eje | aʤiɛ | idzwɑ | ɛ́-dzáá /á- | ɛdza | ʤiikwa | ɪdʒá | eʤəʔa | akápi | eɡíá |
nail | aʤiɛ | ɛ́-dzáá /á- | ɛdza | eʤə | ɛdza | |||||
leg | eje | ɛbvɛ | ogu | ɛ́-bâ /á- | ɛnam | ɛnam | onám̀ | ebuʔa | apfɔ́ɔ̀ | |
foot | ɛɣenebuɛ | fiŋɛba | ɛba | ɛba | ebajɛt | ɡeʤát | ||||
buttock | eʃiɣli | ɔbvɛlɛʃili | ɑtɑ | ɛ́-kɛ́pɛɛ /á- | aka’ni | abokape | ndʒù | atʃándū | ʤem | ʃó |
belly | ɑɲɑ | aɲa | ɑndɑ | ɛ́-ɲáà /á- | aɲa | aɲa, ɛkɔt | alíà | aŋɡyá | ɪdɔ́ɔ̀ | ekót |
navel | etu: | ɛsuu | itu | ɛ́-túm /á- | ɛtum | ɛtum | ɪtoŋ | etwáŋ | ɪtɔŋá | etúmābát |
intestines / insides | mbuʃi | mvulaɲa | okyɑndɑ | mbùlàɲàà /mbùsàɲàà | ɛmbulaɲa | ɛmbulaɲa | alia | ntubaŋ̀ɡia | ilɛ̂ | beɡyâ |
blood | ɔŋki | ɔŋki | ɔkyɛ | ɛ́ntʃín | ŋkin | ɛŋkin | ɔŋkń | iŋkîn | iŋkîn | lekiŋ |
urine | ɔdzɛsɛ | ɔndzəsə | ɑndzɛsi | ɛ́ntsɛ́ɛ̀ /ɛ́ntsɛ́ɛsi | ntsɛ’ | ɛnʧɛ | ɔnʃinʃɛt | nsɛt | dìnʃɛ̀t | leʃɛt |
bone | eβu | ɛɣʉu | iwu | ɛ́-wúú /á- | aɣʉ | aɣwu | avú | awúú | avɔɔ | ɡewú |
skin | ɛgɔk | ɛɲɔkɔ | igovi | ɲɛ́bà | ɲabɔ | ɲibɔ | ɪdʒwɛ́p | ŋɡóp, ekwa | ŋɡɔ́p | ɡbɛ |
wing | ɔfɔ | ɔkpwihɛ | opik | ɛ́-páwlə̀ /á- | apale | apabəɾi | abábli | epábli | abáblì | bebáb |
feather | odzuwe | ɔkpwihɛ | opilɛ | é-vî /á- | evi | ɛʒi | ɔwi | ijali | ɪwɔ́ɔ́ | etáŋ |
horn | ofo | ɔfuu | ovu | ɛ́-fɔ̂ŋ /á- | efɔŋ | ɛfɔŋ | afɔ̀ŋ | efôɔ | ndɔŋ | sáŋ |
tail | oke | oki | oki | é-tʃɛ̂ /á- | ekiɛ | ɛkɛ | ɔkwi | ekí | ɪkpí | ekpí |
human being | owɑʔ | owɔ | ɔndu | vɛ̂/bɛ̂ | bvɛ’ | vɛ’ | wɛt | wɛ | wɔ́ɔ̀t | enɔ̀t |
man (male) | wɑnɔ | wanɔ | olwɑndǝ | ɛ̀-wânɔ́m /ø- | onom | vanom | jalɔḿ | wanɔ́m | alòḿ | bɔnɔ̀t |
woman | wɑɣi | wayɛ | ɔwundu | ɛ̀-wâyɛ́ɛ́ /ø- | oyɛ | vaɣ\ɛ | jajo | waje | ajǐ | benót |
husband | onɔ | onɔ | ɔndo | ɛ́-nɔ́m /mà- | ɛnom | ɛnom | ɔluḿ | nòm | alòḿ | eʤòm |
child | owɑ | owa | wɑ | và/bɥá | va | vəfu | ìtsán | wafe | wá | wán |
name | oko | okʉ | okɔ | ɛ́-kúm /á- | ɛkʉm | ɛkʉm | okúmú | ekúm | ɪkúm | eɡíɛ́t |
sky | eyɔʔ | ɛyɔ | iʤo | ɛ́zɔ́ɔ́ | ɛʒoo’ | ɛʒɔ’ | ɪdʒúbú | ezɔ́ | ajɔblí | ebólá |
night | ɲicu | nunʧu | ifu | áfúù | ɛtʉ’ | ɛtʉ’ | idʒúp | etú | afúùp | betúp |
moon | otɔ | otɔɔ | otɑ | ɛ́-tâŋ /á- | ɛtaŋŋ | ɛtaŋŋ | otáŋ | etá | ɪŋwí | etáŋ |
sun | tɛcwi | ʧwɛ | iʤɔndo | ɛ́púm zɔɔ | ɛpumtsi | əpumətʃwe | ɔŋpúm | mpúm, dintʃwi | ɪjə́bə́ | ɡeʤí |
wind | ofɔ | ofɔɔ | ohǝ | ɛ́fɔ́ɔ́ | kəfufu | kəfufu | nɡùm | nɡùm | nɡòm | ɡéɣə́ |
cloud | embɑsi | mba’si | mbɑsi | ɛ̀mámɔ̀ɔ̀ | ŋgu’si | əmɔmɔ | mbàrè | mba | mpa | ɡémɔk |
dew | imbɑsi | amɔ’ | ndwɔsi | ámáà | amɔ’ | amɔ’ | amɔ́ | ʤìɛ̀ | amê | awóp |
rain | ebo | ɛbu | ivo | ɛ́bɔ́ɔ́ | ɛbɔ | ɛbɔ | ebuó | ebúɦɔ́ | ebú | émwa |
ground | tɛtsɑ | tetsa | itwɔ | tʃwáà | ʧwaa | ʧwaa | tʃwàp | tswàp | tóɔ̀ | ɡə́tap |
sand | tɛnʃisi | teʃinʃe | minzɛnzɛsi | ɛ́tínsɛ́ɛ́ | ɛtinʃe | ɛtinʃe | osó | sé | ɪsí | láŋí |
path | egli | wagli | ɛji | ɛ́ʒyâ /á- | vagʉ | gʉ | jakuɡi | wajaɡi | ɪpɔ́ɔ | aɡia |
water | ɔmwɔ | omuɔ | ɔmwɔ | mɥáà | mua | mua | mwā | ʒuɦɔ́ | ɪŋɡû | émwa |
stream (river) | edzwɔ | iʤwɔ | iʤwɔ | ʤɥáà | vaʤʉa | ʤua | ʒà | waʒuɦó, ʤiga | ɪlû | alaut |
house | enɔʔ | ɛnɔ | ito | múnaa /músinaa | nɔɔ’ | naa’ | lɔp | ndɔ́p | ɪké | ɡiʉ |
fire | owisi | owuʃi | owusi | ɛ́víi /á- | ɛvi’ | ɛvii’ | ɔvít | ewi | ɪvə́t | ewu |
firewood | owɛ | owɛɛ | ɑyɛ | ɛ́-vɛ́ŋ /á- | əvɛŋ | əvɛŋ | oviŋ́ | ewe | ɪjúɛ́n | awen |
smoke | ɑɲɛʔ | aŋyɛ | ɔndiʔi | áɲíí | aŋi | aŋi | alí | aŋɡi | ɪzə́ | aɡɨk |
ash | ɔncwɔ | oncwɔ | ɑntɔ | ɛ́ntwɔsi | ntwɔsi | ntwusɛ’ | ontʃúó | ntuɣɔ | itú | letɔ |
knife | ɔfwɛ | ofwɛ | ɔxyɑ | wéefɛ /bɥífɛ̀ | vafɛ | ɛfɛ | ɪtó | nkúlɔ | wantɨ | alitɔ́ |
rope | odzuwi | owii | oyi | ɛ́ɣɔ́ɔ /á- | ɛɣɔ | ɛɣɔ | oɡwɔ́ | eɣó | ɪjɨ | eɣō |
spear | eɣɔ | ɛɣɔɔ | iwɔ | ɛ́-ɣɔ̂ŋ /á- | ɛɣoŋ | ɛɣoŋ | iwoŋ́ | ewá | ɪwǒn | ɡebam̀ |
war (fight) | obli | obli | wunɔ | bíí-ø /-sí | be’ | bi’ | bít | bít | jwɛ́ɛ́t | bít |
animal | kecu | ɲâm/ɲâŋsí | ɲam | ɲam | ɲàm̀ | ɲam | ɲá | ɲàm | ||
meat | ɛɲɑ | ɛɲa | iɲɑ | ɲâm/ɲâŋsí | ɲam | ɲam | ɲàm̀ | |||
dog | ebo | ɛbu | ɛgbo | ø-mámʒa /ɛ́- | omia | mamia | bú | bu | bú | bu |
elephant | ɛnsoʔ | ɛnsu | kinǝmi | ɛ̀nsɔ̀ /-sí | nso’ | nsɔ’ | isɔ̀ | nsò | suʔ | sɔ̀k |
goat | ebwi | ɛlve | ibu | bíi-ø /-sí | bi | bii | bí | wi | ʤɛ́ | wì |
bird | tonɔni | tunɔɔni | fiyiɲɔ | ɛ́-nɔ̂n /á- | ɛnɔn | ɛnəŋ | ɔnɛ́n | enɔn | ɪnɔnɔ́ | ánòn |
tortoise | ɛmbɔ | megwɛ | ɛ̀mbáá-ø /-sí | mbɔ’ | mbɔ’ | kwámbɔ̄ | mbɔ | mbə | mbə | |
snake | eʤwɔ | ɛʤwɔ | ɛdzɔ | ʤwɔ́-ø /-sí | ʤwo | ʤwo | dʒúɔ́ | ʤuɦɔ́ | ʤú | ʤɔ |
fish | ɛsu | ɛʃuu | iʃi | ʃú-ø /-sí | ʃu | ʃu | ʃú | ʃwi | sùé | sú |
louse | eklɑmbɑ | akalaŋgba | egu | ʤíi-ø /-sí | gi | gbi | asá | ɡwití | ʤwɛ́t | ɡwet |
egg | ekɔnɔ | ɛkɔnɔkɔ | ikǝnǝ | ɛ́kɔ̂n /á- | ɛkɔn | ɛkɔn | ekón | ekón | ɪɡʉ̂ | ɛ́ɡu |
tree | eti | ɛte | iti | ɛ́-títíí /á- | atiti | atiti | etí | até | ajɛ́t | ɡeɡjɛ́t |
bark | egɔʔ | ɛgɔʔ | ego | gɔ́ɔ | goo’ | gɔ’ | nɡop | ngop | ɡɔp | |
leaf | ɛfuwubwe | ɛfuubwɛ | ifuwɛ | ɛ́fúbʒɛ̀n | ɛfu | efubjaŋ | efúrú | efútí | ɪfə́ | éwú |
root | ǝkɔ | okɔɔ | okɑ | ɛ́kâŋ | ɛkaŋ | ɛkaŋ | okaŋ́ | ŋkà | ɪkanə́ | ékaŋ |
salt | ɔmwɑ | omwa | ɔŋmɑ | mʒáŋ | miaŋ | miaŋ | miaŋ̄ | myá | ɪŋbáŋ | máŋ |
fat | ɔmfɔ | mfɔsi | ohɔ | ɛ́mfwám | nfwam | nfwam | difám | mfwam | difám | lawám |
hunger (general) | edzɔw | ɛʤɔɔ; ɛdzɔɔ | iʤɔ | tsɔ̂ŋ | tʃoŋ | tʃoŋ | tsón; tsoŋ ɲam | tswá | ŋɡáń | ŋɡáń |
hunger (general) | afwan | afwan | afwan | |||||||
iron (metal) | etɛnɛ | atɛne | itǝnǝ | átɔ́nɔ́ | atɔnɔ | atɔnɔ | ańtɛn | ʒɔm, atono | antən | ɡesɛ́n |
one | ébíŋ | ɛbiŋ | abiŋ | abíŋ | ebvəŋ | abú | ||||
one | yimɔʔ | yimɔ’ | inimɔ | ɡemɔ | amɔ | |||||
two | bofɛ: | bufɛɛ | mihɛ | ɛ́fɛ́ɛ́ | ɛfɛ | ɛfɛ | ɔfè | bejí | ɪfé | efiɡe |
three | botyɑʔ | buca’ | mityɑ | ɛ̀táá | ɛtaa’ | eta’ | ɔtát | betát | ɪtát | etíá |
four | boɲi: | buŋii | miɲi | èɲìì | ɛŋi | ɛŋi | ɔɲì | beɲì | ɪɲì | enjì |
five | botɑ | buta | mitɑ | ɛ́tâŋ | ɛtan | ɛtan | otsàn | betón | ɪtòn | etan |
six | otɔnɔti | otɔnɔti | mititi: | ètʒètíí | ɛtiɛti | ɛtiete | datí | belendát | blendàt | etyedí |
seven | osɑmbwɛ | osɔmbwɛ | mititinɛnmɔ | èsàmbáá | ɛsamba | ɛsamba | datinɔmwc | belendátɔmɔ, esamboɣa | blendàtimɔ | saubwə́ |
eight | oɲiɲi | oŋiŋii | minini: | èɲìníí | ɛŋini | ɛŋini | iɲí | beliɲi | bleŋí | enjiní |
nine | oɲiɲiɲi:yimɔʔ | oŋiŋiinəwumɔ | minini:nɛnimɔ | èɲìníbìŋ | ɛŋininebiŋ | ɛŋinibiŋ | iɲinɔmɔ | beliɲinɔmɔ | bleŋíimɔ | njinɑ́bú |
ten | ofwɑʔ | ofwa | mifɔ | ɛ̀fwáá | ɛfwaa | ɛfwa’ | ifuɔ́t | bewat | ɪfót | efua |
come | eyɑʔ | ya | ɔʃi | záá | ʒa’a | ʒa’a | zá | ʤɨe | jeɛ | bá |
send (s.o.) | etɔ | sɛ | osɑlɑ | tɔm | tom | tɔm | tɔ́mɔ́ | tom | ndù | ɡɛtɔ̄m |
walk | emɑyinɛ | yɛnɛ | oci | ʤìnì | ʒini | ʒina | dʒiní | iʤíni | ɲɛ̀nɛ̀ | ɡɛŋɡɨ |
fall | etili | ʧili | ɔgbǝ | tili | tili | təli | iʃírí | ntírí | nʃù | ɡɛŋʃit |
leave | edi | sɛ | ɔvɛkɑ | faa | dɛ’ɛ | dɛ’ɛ | zó | tsifō | ndù | éndo |
fly | efwili | fulɛ | ɔfuli | fùlé | fuli | fuɾi | flí | flô | ntàlì | ɡɛwuli |
pour | etili | ŋiti | ɔhɑti | daŋke | tuu | tu | dɔŋɡu | ɡiɦi | fí | ɡɛsale |
strike | epɔnɔ | ɛgwala | ɔcɑti | vile | vili | uli | swóm | tʃɛ̌ | swám | ɡɛnkya |
bite | ɛnɔ | nɔ | ɔndo | nɔm | nom | nɔm | lɔ́mɔ́ | nóm | lóm | ɡɛɡyɔm |
wash (tr.) | eso | ʃu | ɔsovi | sòò | ʃuu | ʃu | sú | sǔ | sù | ɡɛsú |
split (wood) | eyɑʔ | yake | ɔzɑki | zaa | ʒa’ | ʒa’ | netí | ʤati | nʒátí | ɡɛʤat |
give | onɑʔ | naa | ɔnɑ | nàà | na’ | na’ | nahá | kwɔ̀, ɲa | naha | ɡenak |
steal | edzi | oʤi | ɔʤi | ʤii | ɛʤi | ɛʤi | odʒí | ʤi | nzye | ɡedzī |
squeeze | enmɛti | ŋaamɛ | ɔŋmɛti | ŋámé | ŋami | ŋame | tʃwɛrì | tʃwɛni, ɲame | ntɛri | ɡɛkam |
cultivate | epoʔ | ɛpwɔ’ | ɔkwiʔki | ʃìì | ʃi’i | ʃu’i | dʒiné | puɣɔ́, kili | nʤən | ɡɛndiŋ |
bury (t.) | ɛnwi | ɲii | wɛndɛ | ɲìì | ŋii | nəŋi | luɛ́ | nzwé | zə́ | ɡɛ́ŋɡi |
burn (t.) | eyɔʔ | yɔ | wɔʤɔ | ʤwàà | ʒwaa’ | ʒwo’ | dʒwahá | ʤwaɣá | nʒahi | ɡɛnʤɔk |
eat | eni | ne | ɔndi | ɲii | ŋi | nəŋi | li | ndi | lɨ́ | ɡɛlɨ |
drink | enwɔɣ | ŋwɔ | oyɔ | ɲɔŋ | ŋoŋ | ɲoŋ | ŋwó | ŋwá | nzóŋ | ɡɛnʤaŋ |
vomit | zɛ̀ŋ | ʒɛŋ | aʒɛn | dʒɔŋú | azɛɣɛ | nzən | ɡɛʤiɛn | |||
vomit | eyɛ | yɛ | oyɛ | |||||||
suck | ʃɔɔti | ʃwàtí | ʒwati | ʃwə | tʃwá | tʃwa | nʒa | ɡɛsa | ||
suck | enwɔɣ | oyɔ | nsɔ | |||||||
spit (saliva) | etu | onʧwa | otuti | tù | thu | thu | ntuʃá | fɛm, tʃu | ntʃuɛ | ɡɛtu |
blow (on) | eyɛni | fete | oweti | fɔɔti | fɔ | fɔ | fuɔ | fɛ́ɛti | fʉe | ɡɛfəə |
swell | emɔʔ | imɔlɔ | omwɔ | mwɔ̀ | amu’ | mɔ’ | mí | mwɔr, fɔli | ɲiɛ | ɡɛkwi |
give birth | ebe | ube | ogbɔ | be | be | be | bí | bì | mbì | ɡɛwiɛ |
die | eku | kpu | oku | kù | kʉ | kʉ | ifú | efú | mfɔ̀ | ɡɛnkù |
kill | eyi | yi | oʤwi | ʤìì | ʒi | ʒwi | dʒwi | eʤwi | nʒɛti | ɡɛmbɔŋɡɛ |
push | etini | teni | okpɛsi | bwɔ̀n | tin | tini | tilí | tíŋ | mpahi | ɡɛtiŋi |
pull | egor | gʉu | oɣwɔ | gɔ̀ | go | wɔ | ŋɡwó | ŋɡwo | ŋɡwíí | ɡɛwɔ |
sing | ekpɑ | kpana | ogbɑ | kpàn | kpan | kpan | ʃúɔ́ | kwáná | su | ɡɛkɔ́ŋ |
play (game) | epokesɑ | kɛsa | oto | pùkìsà | kesa | kesa | oʃwám | atwám | nkomatu | ɡɛsàà |
be afraid | epɑʔ | ofɔ | otyɛ | bùmə̀fàà | ɛfɔ | efo | bamú | búm | mvʉti | ɡɛŋɡula |
want | emedoʔ | ɣɔɔ | oʤɑ | nàà | ki | kiə | ki | kye | nkìŋ | bɛŋkɔŋɔ |
say | egɑ | ga | oʃili | tsɔɔ | tso | tʃɔ’ | mɔ́ɔ | mɔ̀ɣɔ̀ | jim | batáɣɔ́ |
see | egɑ | bwa | ovɔ | zaa | zɔ | zɔn | bwá | zɔ́ | jɛ́n | ɡɛɓwaŋ |
show | etɑʔɑli | taali | otɑʔɑ | ti | te | te | tí | te | nté | ɡɛntɛdi |
hear | eyo | gu | owuti | zuu | ʒu | ʒu | ʒú | ʤú | nʤù | ɡɛnʤù |
know | ekɑbe | kabe | okɔkǝ | kɔ̀wi | kai | kabe | kabí | zo, kyaβa | nkabi | ɡɛkabi |
count | epi: | pii | oxɔlǝ | pɛ̀ | bu | pɛ | pɛ | piɣé | mpi | ɡeḿpe |