Appendix:Proto-Ogoni reconstructions

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The following list of Proto-Ogoni reconstructions is from Blench & Williamson (2008).

List

No. Gloss P-Ogoni
2. hair (head) *èʤía
3. eye *adɛ́ɛ̃
4. face *ǹsĩ́
5. ear *ɔ̀tɔ́̃
6. nose *m̀ bĩɔ́̃
9. tooth *àdáNa
10. tongue *àdídɛ́Nɛ́
11. jaw *àbɛ̀lɛ̀kɛ̀
12. chin *kɛbɛmbɛ
15. neck *ɔ̀mɛɛ̃ ̃
16. voice *mɔ̃nɔ̃
18. breast *m̀ mã́
23. arm *ɔ̀bɔ́
30. nail1, claw *àbĩɔ̃
31. buttocks *ápátɛ́̃
38. bone *ákpogó
42. brains *m̀ púní
44. intestine, guts *m̀ fá
47. blood I *m̀ miNi
48. blood II *m̀ muNu
51. urine *m̀ mã́nĩ́
52. faeces *òbí
57. food2 I *ǹʤáNá
62. oil *ǹnɔ̃ɔ̃
63. salt *ǹló
64. wine/beer *m̀ mĩĩ́
66. seed èsṹṹ
67. grass *-vílí
69. tree, handle *èté
73. bark (of tree) *èkpá
75. root *ònĩ́
76. thorn *ètʃúu
77. fruit *-bóló
87. beans *kɛ́rɛ̀
89. fluted pumpkin *nʔéé
98. okra *ɔ́kɔ̀rɔ̀
106. kola nut *ègbĩĩ́
110. oil palm *ǹʤóó
113. palm-frond *-la
116. mangrove *ŋ̀gálá
118. African pear *m̀ bɛ̀Nɛ̀
121. mushroom ǹʤũ̀
124. firewood *ɔkãã́nĩ
127. water m̀ mṹṹ
128. foam, froth aféé
131. ashes *ǹtɔ́̃
133. cooking pot *àbã́Nã́
148. knife I *ǹzĩmã́
149. bush-knife, matchet *ɔ̀gɛ̀̃
151. hoe II *m̀ kpàbe
168. cast net *-gbɔ̃ɔ̀̃
170. fish-hook *-kɔ̀vɛ
171. fish-trap *ǹkàrà
175. mat, hard *èbúNú
176. basket *òkùNù
177. bag *ɛ̀bɛ̀rɛ̀
183. bundle n. *ɛ̀bɔ́bɔ́
184. bunch *ekumu
190. broom *ǹsárí
192. rope, string, cord *òʤĩĩ́
199. money, tax *èkpìgì
202. xylophone *gérégér é
203. clapperless-bell, ‘gong *-gírà
206. slit-gong, wood *èkéré
207. door *-bũ
208. doorway *ònú ɔ́tɔ́ɔ
215. house *ɔ̀tɔ́ɔ
221. well *-bã̀nã̀ mṹṹ
230. forest *ɔkɔlɛ
234. boat (canoe) *òfàà
237. ground kóró ǹkɛ̃
238. sand, soil *ǹsĩ́sãã
241. dust *dúu
242. mud *gbá
254. day *àdée
258. evening *lóó mm̀ ne
261. death *aʔu
264. war, fight *-bé
267. grace *ovoNu
271. fear n. pɔ̀Cɔ̀
275. poverty I *èkpóró
276. poverty II *kpàrà
288. song *sɔ́lɔ́
296. egg *òkĩ́
298. feather *àpã́ã
300. horn *ǹtʃoò
301. tail *òʤũ̀
304. cow (zebu) *nã́mã̀
310. dog *m̀ gbógó
312. chicken, fowl *ɔ̀kɔ̃ɔ̀̃
313. duck *kɔ̃ɔ̀̃- bèkéè
314. leopard *m̀ kpɛ́ɛ
315. elephant *ǹnĩ
317. red river hog *zi
318. civet cat *kpóí
323. bushbuck *òlóo
324. sitatunga *tɔ̀gbɔ́
333. tree hyrax *kògòro
342. rat -fĩĩ̀
346. alligator *àbá
348. viper *abɔNɔ
352. agama lizard *-gbèrè
353. monitor lizard *-bĩ́ã́
354. chameleon *ã́nɔ̃ɔ́̃nĩ́
355. crab I *àkáNà
358. frog *-kárá
359. snail *àkpɛ́Nɛ́
360. crayfish, lobster *ɛ̀sɔrɔ̀
361. mussel *èkóró
367. fish (general) *-bárí
385. housefly *ǹtʃĩ
387. bee *-yáágó
388. cockroach *ǹkɔ̀
390. jigger *m̀ kpóró ko
392. yam beetle *-kpãã̀
393. mosquito *m̀ fɛɛ̃ ́̃
395. louse *ètʃuu
398. cricket *-pìnã
408. ant-hill *-nãã̀
409. bird *-vínɔ́̃m
417. eagle *àgò
418. vulture *òdɛ̀l̃ ɛ̀̃
422. person *ɔ̀nɛñ ɛ̃
423. name *àbée
424. namesake *ègó
427. husband *ɔ̀dɔ́Nɔ́
428. woman *ò-nvaà
432. wife *òva
436. father *ɛ̀tɛ̀
437. mother *àkà
438. child, baby *nvíní
439. sibling *avígà
440. first son *sãã́
441. second son *lá
442. first daughter *òsíla
443. second daughter *nṹã̀
445. in-law, female *kaŋwãã̀
446. age-group *ogbò
449. guest ('stranger') *sã́ãnɛɛ̃ ̃
451. chief, king *ɛ̀mɛ́ñ ɛ́̃
455. witch *ɔtã́ã
465. corpse *ʔíí
466. God *ɔ̀bàrì
479. life *ǹʤũ̀ũ̀
486. load *ètò
488. book, letter *kpá
492. respect, glory, honour *ɔ̀ka
506. five *èvòò
509. eight *ɛ̀rààtàà
521. twenty *àtʃubu
532. black *birá
533. white *ʔɛɛ́
538. big (great, large, important) *ɛgbɛNɛ
542. old (opp. new) ǹnã́mã́
543. new *ʔãã́
547. cold *ɔ̀tɔɔ
548. right (side) *òlè
551. bad I *ɛ̀pɔ̀rɔ́
575. dirty v/n? *òʤĩ
576. clean *ʔɔnɔma
588. ask (question) *bĩĩ́nã́
589. ask (request) *bàna
591. bathe o.s. *bìlà
592. bear fruit *mumu
593. beat (drum) *kpá
598. begin *darà
601. bite *dɔ́mɔ́
606. boast II *kaagà
613. build (house) *tóbó
614. burn (tr.) *ʔɔví
616. bury *lì
617. buy *ʤalá
621. carry (head) *toorá
622. carry (load) *dãnã̀
624. carve I *tògì
625. carve II *ʔɔ
630. choose *sagi
631. circumcise *kòò
634. climb *ʤɛɛ̃ ̀̃
635. close, shut *kpubu
636. coil around s.t., twine, be interwoven *pigà
639. come, arrive *ʤù
660. cut with knife II *fulu
661. cut in pieces *kpɔ̀
664. dance v. *ʤèb
667. defecate *nɛ̀̃
672. die *ʔú
685. dream v. *àʤágár á
688. drive (vehicle) *kɔbɔ
691. dry up (v.t.) *kágárá
693. eat *dè
694. eat (fish/meat) *bà
696. economise *sɛ̀ŋí
702. extinguish (tr.) *ʤĩ̀mɛ̃
704. fall (general), stumble *dɔ̀
706. fear v. *bɔɔ̀
709. fight v. *bé
711. filter kúNɛ́
712. find *gbĩ́
713. finish (v.i.), get exhausted *ta
716. fly v., jump *pɛɛ
720. fry *ʔɛŋɛ̃
722. gather (things) *labi
726. give *nɛ̀Nɛ̀
727. give birth, deliver *mãnã̀
728. go (2) (to return, as on message) *sì
729. go (away) *ʔàà
734. grind *gbɛ̀̃
739. hear *dã̀
742. hide v.t. *gɔ̀̃
749. itch I *lá
751. jump *pɛ́ɛ
752. jump about *pɛ́gi
754. kill, butcher *kele
755. kill fish *fɛ̀
762. laugh *mã̀gã̀
769. lick *dà
780. look for *gbĩ
787. marry (of man) *ʔii
808. pick fruit *kããnã̀
814. plant *fò
825. praise II *leerà
826. pray *tãã̀gã
832. pull out, up *ʤùùrà
833. pull, drag *-ʤũũ̀
852. rotten, be *bɛ̀m̃ ɛ̀̃
856. run *téérá
870. shed skin (snake) *kɔɔrà
893. squeeze, press *bígí
897. stay *tɔNɔ̀
898. steal *ʤìbì
910. swallow *mɛ̀ñ ɛ̀̃
913. sweep *kpárí
931. tie (rope), bind bɔbí
952. wash (things) *logbi
953. wave v. *darà
954. weave, sew, plait, knit *lò
955. weed v. *duà
958. weep (cry), mew *tó
962. work *tɔ́̃Nɔ́̃
965. write *ʔɛmĩ́
971. so *vó

References

Vocabulary lists of African languages
Nilo-Saharan

Nilo-Saharan • p-Nilo-Saharan • p-Nilotic (p-E. Nilotic • p-S. Nilotic) • p-Surmic • NE Sudanic • p-Nubian • Nara • p-Daju • p-Jebel • Temein • Central Sudanic (p-Central Sudanic • p-Sara-Bongo-Bagirmi • Sinyar • Birri • p-Mangbetu) • p-Kuliak (Ik) • Kadu • Berta • Kunama • Gumuz • p-Koman • Gule • Amdang • Mimi-D • p-Maban • Mimi-N • Kanuri • p-Songhay • Tadaksahak

Niger-Congo

p-Niger-Congo • p-Atlantic-Congo • p-Benue-Congo • p-Grassfields • p-Ring • Momo • Tivoid • Ekoid • Beboid • Bendi • p-Bantu (Swadesh list) • p-Kongo • p-Jukunoid • p-Plateau (p-Tarokoid) • p-N. Jos • p-Fali • p-Yoruboid • Olukumi • p-Edoid • p-Akokoid • p-Igboid • Akpes • Ayere-Ahan • p-Upper Cross River • p-Lower Cross River • Anaang • p-Ogoni • p-Ukaan • p-Nupoid • Oko • p-Idomoid • p-Ijaw • Defaka • p-Gbe (Fongbe) • p-Potou-Akanic • p-Mumuye • p-Jen • Yendang • Tula-Waja • p-Lakka • p-Bua • Kim • p-Central Togo • p-Guang • p-Gurunsi • p-Oti-Volta (p-E. Oti-Volta • p-C. Oti-Volta) •  Tiefo • Natioro • Bariba • p-Gbaya • Dogon • p-Mande (p-W. Mande • p-Mandekan • p-Niger-Volta • p-S. Mande) • Atlantic (Guinea) • p-Fula-Sereer • p-Cangin • p-Manjaku • Bijogo • p-Talodi • p-Heiban • p-Katloid • Rashad • Lafofa

Afroasiatic

p-Afroasiatic • p-Chadic • p-Ron • p-North Bauchi • p-South Bauchi • South Bauchi • p-Central Chadic • p-Masa • Kujarge • p-Cushitic • p-Agaw • p-Omotic • p-Aroid • p-Maji • Mao • p-Semitic

Khoisan

Khoisan • p-Khoe • p-Central Khoisan • p-Tuu •

Language isolates

Bangime • Jalaa • Laal • Ongota • Shabo • Sandawe • Hadza

Others

p-Niger-Saharan