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The following list of Proto-Southern Nilotic reconstructions is from Rottland (1982: 296-316).
Note: German glosses are directly from the original source. English glosses, not in the source, are translations in progress.
List
| German gloss |
English gloss |
Proto-Southern Nilotic |
notes
|
| Speise, Nahrung |
food |
*am-it |
|
| vier |
four |
*ɑŋwɑːn, *ɑŋwɑn |
|
| rot |
red |
*ɑrɛːr |
?
|
| Schenkel |
leg |
*ɑR |
|
| schmecken (tr.) |
taste (tr.) |
*cɑm |
1
|
| viel |
many |
*caːŋ |
|
| Person (sg.) |
person |
*ciː |
|
| Stamm, Gruppe, Stammesgebiet |
tribe, group, tribal area |
*ɛːm, *em |
|
| Fluß |
flow |
*eːn |
|
| Stier |
bull |
*eːR |
|
| häuten |
skinning |
*ɛːɲ |
1
|
| Ohr |
ear |
*iːt |
|
| zählen |
counting |
*iːt |
|
| Mutter |
mother |
*iːyo |
?
|
| ölen, fetten |
oil, grease |
*ɪːl |
2
|
| ankommen |
arrive |
*ɪt |
1
|
| lang |
long |
*kaːR |
|
| Pfeil |
arrow |
*kaːt |
|
| Knochen |
bone |
*kaːw |
?
|
| Fliege |
fly |
*kɑːlyɑːŋ |
|
| Mutter |
mother |
*kɑm, *kɑːm |
|
| Eisen |
iron |
*kɑrɪn |
|
| Name |
surname |
*kɑːRɪn |
|
| Hals |
neck |
*kɑːt |
|
| links |
left |
*kɑːtɑm, *kɑtɑm |
|
| Sandale |
sandal |
*keweːR |
?
|
| Schaf |
sheep |
*kɛːc |
|
| Zahn |
tooth |
*keːL-ɑt |
|
| Bein |
leg |
*kɛːL |
|
| melken |
milking |
*kɛR |
1
|
| Baum, Medizin |
tree, medicine |
*kɛːt |
|
| Brust |
chest |
*kɪtɪn |
|
| Leber |
liver |
*koRoR |
|
| Auge |
eye |
*kɔːŋ, *kɔŋ |
|
| Stiel, Schaft |
stem, shaft |
*kuɲuk |
|
| rufen |
call |
*kuːr |
1
|
| Knie, (Ellbogen ?) |
knee, (elbow?) |
*kuːtuŋ, *kutuŋ |
|
| Achselhöhle |
armpit |
*kʊLkʊL |
|
| Hirn |
brain |
*kʊːɲʊːt, *kʊɲʊːt |
|
| Bogen, (Waffe) |
bow, (weapon) |
*kʊRɑːŋ |
|
| blasen |
blow |
*kʊːt |
|
| Mund |
mouth |
*kʊːt |
|
| Vater |
father |
*kwɑːn |
|
| Brennholz |
firewood |
*kwɛːn |
|
| nahe |
near |
*leːk, *neːk |
|
| flechten |
weave |
*lɛːt |
2/1
|
| Schild |
sign |
*lɔːŋ |
|
| Überfall, Kämpftruppe (?) |
raid, combat force (?) |
*luk |
|
| jagen |
to hunt |
*Lakaːt |
|
| husten |
to cough |
*LɑːL |
1
|
| weiß, neu |
white, new |
*LɛːL |
|
| weiß, neu |
white, new |
*Lɪt |
|
| Tränen, Weinen (?) |
tears, crying (?) |
*Loːk |
|
| Onkel (Mutterbruder) |
uncle (mother's brother) |
*maːm(a) |
|
| Wange |
cheek |
*mataːŋ, *mataŋ |
|
| Kopf |
head |
*met |
|
| Brenneisen |
branding iron |
*mɛcɛy |
|
| lecken |
lick |
*mɛːL |
|
| Durst |
thirst |
*mɛLɛL |
?
|
| sterben |
to die |
*mɛːR |
|
| klein |
small |
*miniŋ, *manaŋ |
|
| taub |
deaf |
*miːɲ |
|
| Tasche, Bündel |
bag, bundle |
*mɪLɔːt |
|
| kauen |
chew |
*mɪt |
|
| Kehle |
throat |
*moRok, *moRoːk |
|
| Wunde |
wound |
*mɔ(ː) |
|
| Finger |
finger |
*mɔːrɪn |
|
| Kalb |
calf |
*mɔːR |
|
| Geier |
vulture |
*mɔtɔːɲ |
|
| Haut |
skin |
*muːR |
|
| Leiche |
corpse |
*mus, *muːs |
|
| fünf |
five |
*muːt |
?
|
| Salz |
salt |
*mʊɲ, *mʊːɲ |
|
| Ratte |
rat |
*mʊr |
|
| krank |
ill |
*myan, *miyan |
|
| nähen |
sew |
*nɑp |
1
|
| Ziegen, Schafe |
goats, sheep |
*no(ː) |
|
| kurz |
short |
*nwɑc, *nwɑːc |
|
| Sand, Boden |
sand, soil |
*ŋɑːɲ, *ŋkɑːɲ |
|
| scharf |
sharp |
*ŋɑtɪːp |
?
|
| Zunge |
tongue |
*ŋɛLyɛp |
?
|
| Mann |
man |
*ŋeːt |
|
| Huhn |
chicken |
*ŋkɔk |
|
| Speer |
spear |
*ŋɔt |
|
| Speichel, Segen |
saliva, blessing |
*ŋʊL, *ŋʊːL |
|
| bitter, teuer |
bitter, expensive |
*ŋwɑːn |
|
| kratzen (?) |
scratch (?) |
*ŋwɑr |
1/2
|
| grün |
green |
*ɲɑLɪːL |
|
| füllen |
to fill |
*ɲɪRɪt |
2
|
| groß |
large |
*o, *oː |
|
| jagen |
to hunt |
*ɔːn |
|
| Kampf, Oberfall |
fight |
*paːr, *par |
|
| Fleisch |
flesh |
*pɑɲ |
1
|
| töten (?) |
kill (?) |
*pɑr |
1
|
| Himmel |
sky |
*pɑrɑk |
|
| Rücken |
back (of body) |
*pɑtɑR |
|
| Elefant |
elephant |
*peːL |
|
| Wasser |
water |
*peR |
|
| brennen |
burn |
*pɛːL |
|
| Rinde |
bark |
*pɛrtɛt |
?
|
| rot |
red |
*piriːr |
|
| Feuerbohrer |
fire drill |
*piːyoːn |
?
|
| schwellen |
swell |
*pkɑ, *pkɑː |
|
| denken, s. erinnern |
think, recall |
*pkɑːt |
2
|
| betrunken sein |
be drunk |
*poːkit |
1
|
| zittern |
tremble |
*pɔːtɑn |
1
|
| fegen |
sweep |
*puːc |
2
|
| grau-weiß (Rinderfarbe) |
gray-white (cattle color) |
*puːs |
|
| Haar, Pelz |
hair, fur |
*puːt |
|
| lachen |
laugh |
*raːr |
1
|
| holen |
to fetch |
*rɑm |
1
|
| binden |
tie |
*rɑt |
1
|
| saugen |
suck |
*reːr |
1
|
| Regen |
rain |
*rɔːp |
|
| Schlaf, schlafen |
sleep, sleep |
*ru |
|
| richten, Rat halten |
judge, give advice |
*rwaːc |
2
|
| träumen |
dream |
*rwaːtɪt |
2
|
| verweigern |
deny |
*Rɛːt |
1
|
| alt |
old |
*Rɔːs, *Rɔs |
|
| betteln, bitten |
beg, ask |
*saːm |
1
|
| schütteln |
shake |
*sɑc |
1/2
|
| Zwilling |
twin |
*sɑlɑ |
|
| braun-schwarz (Rinderfarbe) |
brown-black (cattle color) |
*sɑm, *sɑːm |
|
| Freund, Liebhaber |
friend, lover |
*sɑːn |
|
| Kudu |
kudu |
*sɑrɑm, *sɑrɑːm |
|
| Nase |
nose |
*ser |
|
| Tante (Vaterschwester) |
aunt (father sister) |
*sɛ(ː)ŋkɛ |
|
| Kette |
chain |
*sirim |
|
| acht |
eight |
*sis(iːt) |
|
| Urin |
urine |
*sokos |
|
| drei |
three |
*somok |
?
|
| unfruchtbar (nicht gebärfähig) |
sterile (not fertile) |
*son, *soːn |
|
| Fett, Talg |
fat, tallow |
*suːn |
|
| Nabel |
navel |
*surum, *suruːm |
|
| rülpsen |
burp |
*syɛ, *siyɛ |
|
| Wamme |
dewlap |
*takal |
|
| zehn |
ten |
*tɑmɑn |
|
| Rind (Sg. 1) |
cattle (sg. 1) |
*tɑɲ |
|
| schmieden |
forge |
*tɑːɲ |
2
|
| Vogel |
bird |
*tɑrɪːt |
|
| Rind (Sg. 2) |
cattle (sg. 2) |
*tɛː |
|
| bauen |
to build |
*tɛːc |
1
|
| Bambus |
bamboo |
*tɛːk |
|
| Brustkorb |
rib cage |
*tɛkɛt |
|
| Kinder (?), Mädchen (?, Pl.) |
children (?), girls (?, pl.) |
*tiːp |
|
| Ferse |
heel |
*titiŋ |
|
| Hügel |
hill |
*tul-wɑ |
|
| Fest, Gesang |
festival, singing |
*tuːm |
|
| Rinder |
bovine |
*tʊc |
|
| schwarz |
black |
*tʊR, *tʊːR |
|
| springen |
leap |
*twɑːl |
?
|
| (wildes) Tier |
(wild) animal |
*tyaːɲ, *tiyaɲ |
|
| Kind (?), Mädchen (?) |
child (?), girl (?) |
*tyeːp, *tieːp |
|
| waschen (tr.) |
wash (tr.) |
*uːn |
2
|
| tauschen (?) |
to deceive (?) |
*wɑl |
1
|
| schießen |
shoot |
*wuːt, *wut |
?
|
| verbergen |
hide |
*wʊːɲ, *wʊɲ |
?
|
| schicken |
send |
*yaːc, *yac |
2
|
| aufdecken, öffnen |
uncover, open |
*yɑːt |
1
|
References
- Rottland, Franz. 1982. Die Südnilotischen Sprachen: Beschreibung, Vergleichung und Rekonstruktion. (Kölner Beiträge zur Afrikanistik, vol. 7.) Berlin: Dietrich Reimer.