Chang-hai

A French-derived romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 上海 (Shànghǎi).

Chang-hai

1. (obsolete) Alternative form of Shanghai
   • 1788, “The Province of Kiang-nan”, in A General Description of China‎, volume I, →OCLC, page 29:

     Silk ſtuffs, lacquer-ware, ink, paper, and, in general, every thing that comes from Nan-king, as well as from the other cities of the province, are much more eſteemed, and fetch a higher price, than thoſe brought from the neighbouring provinces. In the village of Chang-hai alone, and the villages dependent on it, there are reckoned to be more than 200,000 weavers of common cotton cloths.

   • 1843, William Darby, “Chang-hai”, in Darby's Universal Geographical Dictionary‎, 3rd edition, Washington, D.C.: Gales and Seaton, →OCLC, page 207, column 2:

     Chang-hai, town of China, in the province of Kiang-nan. In this town, and the villages dependent on it, are more than 200,000 weavers of common cotton cloth. This city is situated on the south or right side of the Blue river, near its mouth, N. lat. 33 30, long. 12 121 E. of London. By English writers, it is now named Shang-hae, and described as an immense mart of foreign and domestic trade. It is one of those laid open to foreign commerce by a recent treaty between China and Great Britain. Distant about 60 ms. below Nankin.

   • 1853, “The Chinese Revolution”, in William Harrison Ainsworth, editor, The New Monthly Magazine‎, volume 99, London: Chapman and Hall, page 190‎:

     Nankin was put in a state of defence, and levies were made from every town in Kian-nan and Kiang-si; but with what effect may be judged of from the fact that the consular city of Chang-hai, or Shanghai, with a population of 200,000, only furnished a contingent of 100 regular soldiers and 100 volunteers.

   • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Chang-hai.