GULAG

Borrowed from Russian ГУЛА́Г (GULÁG), the acronym of Гла́вное управле́ние исправи́тельно-трудовы́х лагере́й (Glávnoje upravlénije ispravítelʹno-trudovýx lageréj, “Chief Administration of Corrective-Labor Camps”): see the definition.^[1]

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈɡuːlɑɡ/, (sometimes) /-læɡ/, /ɡuːˈlɑk/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɡuˌlɑɡ/, (sometimes) /-ˌlæɡ/
• Hyphenation: GU‧LAG

GULAG

1. (historical) The government agency in charge of the Soviet Union's network of forced labour camps, which was established in 1918 and formally abolished in 1960.
   • 1968, Robert Conquest, “In the Labour Camps”, in The Great Terror: Stalin’s Purge of the Thirties, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC, part II (The Yezhov Years), page 356:

     The millions of slave-labourers at the disposal of GULAG played an important economic role, and indeed became accepted as a normal component of the Soviet economy.

GULAG (plural GULAGs)

1. Alternative letter-case form of gulag
   • , David Hosford, Pamela Kachurin, Thomas Lamont, “Day 1 Content Essay: The Establishment and Scope of the GULAG System”, in GULAG: Soviet Prison Camps and Their Legacy ‎, : National Park Service; Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies, Harvard University, →OCLC, archived from the original on 31 October 2021, page 7, column 1:

     One important difference between the GULAG system and the Nazi concentration camps was that a person sentenced to five years of hard labor in a Soviet labor camp could expect, assuming he or she survived, to be released at the end of the sentence.

• gulag on Wikipedia.Wikipedia