Iuppiter

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See also: iuppiter

Latin

Iuppiter Tonans ("Jupiter thundering") (late first century statue)

Alternative forms

Etymology

The nominative Iuppiter, for Iūpiter (with shift of the length from vowel to consonant per the "littera" rule), comes from the vocative combined with pater, and essentially meant "father Jove"; from Proto-Italic *djous patēr, from *djous (“day, sky”) + *patēr (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (literally “the bright one”), root nomen agentis from *dyew- (“to be bright, day sky”), and *ph₂tḗr (“father”). Cognate with Umbrian 𐌉𐌖𐌐𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌓 (iupater), and in other branches of Indo-European Sanskrit द्यौष्पितृ (dyáuṣ-pitṛ́), Ancient Greek Ζεῦ πάτερ (Zeû páter, “o father Zeus”). Equivalent to diēs (cf. Iovis) + pater.

The oblique cases Iov-, Iovis continue the inflection of Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws. Cognates are Latin diēs (originating from the accusative case of *djous) and Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús).

Pronunciation

Proper noun

Iuppiter m (genitive Iovis); third declension

  1. (Roman mythology) Jupiter (god of the sky and ruler of the Roman pantheon)
  2. (astronomy) Jupiter (planet)
    Synonyms: Phaenōn, Phaëthōn
  3. (poetic) the sky.
  4. (alchemy, chemistry) tin

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative Iuppiter Iovēs
Genitive Iovis Iovum
Dative Iovī Iovibus
Accusative Iovem Iovēs
Ablative Iove Iovibus
Vocative Iuppiter Iovēs

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

References

  • “Iuppiter”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

Middle English

Proper noun

Iuppiter

  1. Alternative form of Jubiter
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