J

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See also: j , Appendix:Variations of "j", ل , and

J U+004A, J
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J
I
Basic Latin K

Translingual

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

From a modification of the Latin letter I (i), from the Etruscan letter 𐌉 (i, i), from the Ancient Greek letter Ι (I, iota), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤉 (y, yod), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓂝.

Letter

J (lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

See also

Symbol

J

  1. (metrology) The symbol for joule, the unit of work or energy in the International System of Units
  2. jack (playing card)
  3. (linguistics) A wildcard for a palatal consonant
    Synonym: Ɉ
  4. (Voice Quality Symbols) position of the jaw (modified for protruded, offset, etc.)
  5. (clothing) Bra cup size.

Numeral

J (upper case Roman numeral, lower case j)

  1. Archaic form of I (1) used at the end of a number.
    VIIJ8

See also

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Character=J0
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Other representations of J:

English

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Audio (UK):(file)

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j, plural Js or J's)

  1. The tenth letter of the English alphabet, called jay and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

  • In some names beginning with "J" of northern or eastern European origin, "J" is pronounced as a "Y", for example in the former country of Jugoslavia, which in English more recently is more commonly spelled as Yugoslavia.
  • In Spanish names and loanwords beginning with "J", the "J" is usually pronounced as an "H", for example in the name Julio.

See also

Noun

J (plural Js or J's or JJ)

  1. (slang) (plural Js or J's) A marijuana cigarette. (Abbreviation of joint.)
    • 1980 July, Paul Simon (lyrics and music), “Late in the Evening”, in One-Trick Pony:
      I stepped outside to smoke myself a J.
    • 1998, Joel and Ethan Coen, The Big Lebowski (motion picture), spoken by The Dude (Jeff Bridges):
      Mind if I do a J?
    • 2023, “Modern Day Ripoff”, in Every Loser, performed by Iggy Pop:
      I ran out of blow a long time ago / I can't smoke a J or my guts fly away
  2. In the name of a serial publication: abbreviation of Journal.
    • 1969, The Law Commission, Family Law: Report on Financial Provision in Matrimonial Proceedings (Law Com. No. 25)‎, London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, →OCLC, paragraph 29, note 57:
      "Custody or upbringing" is regarded as including access; yet in B. v. B. & F. above no regard was paid to the welfare of the infants which was irrelevant to the particular issue with which the court was concerned—namely whether children were "children of the family". But the effect was to deprive the husband of access and it seems clear that whether or not he was the father, access could have been awarded to him in an application other than under s. 34 of the 1965 Act if the welfare of the children so demanded: [1969] Cam. L.J. [Cambridge Law Journal] 37 []
  3. (law, postnominal) (plural JJ) Abbreviation of judge or justice.
    • 1992 June 3, Chief Justice Anthony Mason, Justice Michael McHugh, “Mabo v Queensland (No 2)”, in Australasian Legal Information Institute, High Court of Australia:
      In the result, six members of the Court (Dawson J. dissenting) are in agreement that the common law of this country recognizes a form of native title which, in the cases where it has not been extinguished, reflects the entitlement of the indigenous inhabitants, in accordance with their laws or customs, to their traditional lands and that, subject to the effect of some particular Crown leases, the land entitlement of the Murray Islanders in accordance with their laws or customs is preserved, as native title, under the law of Queensland. The main difference between those members of the Court who constitute the majority is that, subject to the operation of the Racial Discrimination Act 1975 (Cth), neither of us nor Brennan J. agrees with the conclusion to be drawn from the judgments of Deane, Toohey and Gaudron JJ. that, at least in the absence of clear and unambiguous statutory provision to the contrary, extinguishment of native title by the Crown by inconsistent grant is wrongful and gives rise to a claim for compensatory damages.
  4. (British, road transport) Abbreviation of junction.
    The Highways Agency plan to close J10 of the M5 to refurbish the motorway bridge.
  5. (card games) Abbreviation of jack.
  6. (basketball) Abbreviation of jump shot.
    • 2017 February 18, Mike Gantner, “Durant a big admirer of DeRozan and his work ethic”, in Toronto Sun:
      And Durant had a front seat for just how much work DeRozan was putting in during their time together in Rio. "I watched him man," Durant said. "His footwork in the post is flawless. His jump shot in the mid-range is incredible. That is the type of stuff I look at as a basketball guy, his footwork, his mechanics on his J, his handle. At first he was a dunker and he barely dunks now. He’s a finesse player but he can play power forward. I’m a big fan."
  7. (slang, chiefly in the plural) (plural Js or J's) an Air Jordan shoe
    • 2022 December 21, Ghetto Smosh, 1:57 from the start, in MY J’S CAN TALK!?!?, via YouTube, archived from the original on 5 June 2023:
      Don't pay no mind, Antwon, it's just an angry-ass J...

Translations

References

Proper noun

J

  1. (religion) Abbreviation of Jehovist.

Symbol

J

  1. Tatami mat, used as a unit of floorspace area (Kyoto tatami are 0.955 by 1.91 m, Nagoya 0.91 by 1.82 m, Tokyo 0.88 by 1.76 m). (From (-jō).)

See also

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

  • (letter name): IPA(key): /jɛ/

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Noun

J (plural J's, diminutive J'tjie)

  1. J

Angami

Letter

J

  1. The nineteenth letter of the Angami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Araki

Pronunciation

Letter

J (lowercase j)

  1. A letter of the Araki alphabet.

Azerbaijani

Letter

J upper case (lower case j)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Basque

Pronunciation

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Basque alphabet, called jota and written in the Latin script.

See also

Central Franconian

Etymology

  • /j/, /ɣ/ are from West Germanic stem-initial *j; from stem-internal *g; from stem-initial *g in Ripuarian and northernmost Moselle Franconian.

Pronunciation

  • /j/, , (Moselle Franconian also)

Letter

J

  1. A letter in the German-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
  2. A letter in the Dutch-based alphabet of Central Franconian.

Usage notes

  • After back vowels, /ɣ/ (see G) is used instead of /j/ with few exceptions. The difference between these is thus widely allophonic.

Central Mazahua

Pronunciation

Letter

J (lower case j)

  1. A letter of the Mazahua alphabet.

Chinese

Etymology 1

Initialism of jer (penis).

Pronunciation


Noun

J

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, slang, euphemistic) penis (Classifier: c)
  2. (Hong Kong Cantonese, slang) person
    JJ [Hong Kong Cantonese]  ―  fai3 zei1   ―  useless person; loser
Synonyms
Derived terms

Verb

J (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet slang)

  1. to masturbate; to have sexual fantasy towards another individual
  2. (in general) to fantasize; to fantasize about something for the feel-good feeling
Synonyms
Derived terms

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
J
alternative forms Cantonese

From the letter J of the English pattern playing cards. Various names exist for this symbol in the spoken language.

Mandarin gōu
From (gōu, hook), because the letter J resembles a hook.
Cantonese zik1
Borrowed from English jack.

Pronunciation


Noun

J

  1. (card games) jack (Classifier: ; )
Synonyms

Etymology 3

Pronunciation


Pronoun

J

  1. (Mandarin, slang) Alternative form of

Etymology 4

Pronunciation 1


Note: 6j(i)e - often .
Letter

J

  1. The tenth letter of the Latin alphabet.

Pronunciation 2


Letter

J

  1. The tenth letter used in Pinyin.
Usage notes
  • 《汉语拼音方案》 defines a standard pronunciation for each letter. However, these pronunciations are rarely used in education; another pronunciation is commonly used instead.
  • The pronunciation above are only used while referring to letters in Pinyin. They are not used in other context (such as English).

References

  • Bauer, Robert S. (2021) ABC Cantonese-English Comprehensive Dictionary, Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, →ISBN, page 1058

Chipewyan

Pronunciation

  1. IPA(key): /t͜ʃ/

Letter

J (lower case j)

  1. A letter of the Chipewyan alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Dutch

Pronunciation

Letter

J (capital, lowercase j)

  1. the tenth letter of the Dutch alphabet

See also

  • Previous letter: I
  • Next letter: K

Esperanto

Pronunciation

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called jo or je and written in the Latin script.

See also

Estonian

Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called jott and written in the Latin script.

See also

Finnish

Etymology

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and J for information on the development of the glyph itself.

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called jii and written in the Latin script.

See also

German

Pronunciation

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the German alphabet, called Jot and written in the Latin script.

Symbol

J

  1. (chemistry) The chemical symbol of iodine.
  2. (card games) A jack, also called Junge.

Hungarian

Pronunciation

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The seventeenth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called and written in the Latin script.

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative J J-k
accusative J-t J-ket
dative J-nek J-knek
instrumental J-vel J-kkel
causal-final J-ért J-kért
translative J-vé J-kké
terminative J-ig J-kig
essive-formal J-ként J-kként
essive-modal
inessive J-ben J-kben
superessive J-n J-ken
adessive J-nél J-knél
illative J-be J-kbe
sublative J-re J-kre
allative J-hez J-khez
elative J-ből J-kből
delative J-ről J-kről
ablative J-től J-ktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular
J-é J-ké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
J-éi J-kéi
Possessive forms of J
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. J-m J-im
2nd person sing. J-d J-id
3rd person sing. J-je J-i
1st person plural J-nk J-ink
2nd person plural J-tek J-itek
3rd person plural J-jük J-ik

See also

Further reading

  • j in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Ido

Pronunciation

Letter

J (lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Indonesian

Pronunciation

  • (letter name): IPA(key): /d͡ʒe/
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /d͡ʒ/

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Italian

Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

Pronunciation

  • (letter name) IPA(key): /i‿lˈlun.ɡa/, /i‿lˈlun.ɡo/, /ˈd͡ʒɛj/, /ˈd͡ʒej/, /ˈjɔd/[1]
  • (phonemic realization) IPA(key): /j/, /ʒ/, /d͡ʒ/ (varies according to the source language of the borrowed term)

Letter

J f or m (invariable, upper case, lower case j)

  1. the tenth letter of the Latin alphabet, called i lunga in Italian

Usage notes

  • The letter J is not considered part of the contemporary Italian alphabet. It is found in loanwords, including Latinisms, where it is a variant of the letter I.
  • Until the early 20th century, however, it was common (though surely not obligatory) to replace I with J when it had the sound /j/ and was both preceded and followed by a vowel; thus cuoiaio was also written cuojajo.

See also

References

  1. ^ J in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Kashubian

Etymology

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and J for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The fourteenth letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Latin

In Latin, the letter J is a modern typographical convention for the consonant form of I. The letter I in ancient times represented either a vowel or a consonant, see I for more information.

Pronunciation

Letter

J

  1. A letter of the Latin alphabet.

References

Latvian

Latvian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lv

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation

Letter

J

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called and written in the Latin script.

See also

Malay

Malay Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ms

Pronunciation

  • (Name of letter) IPA(key):
  • (Phoneme, Syllable initial) IPA(key):
  • (Phoneme, Syllable final) IPA(key):

Letter

J

  1. The tenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Norwegian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Letter

J (upper case J, lower case j)

  1. the tenth letter of the Norwegian alphabet
Usage notes

In old inscriptions and texts may be replaced by i. In neo-runic inscriptions from 17-19th centuries is usually replaced with the rune (sometimes with a dot ontop, so it looks like the letter İ)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English J, a short form of joint

Pronunciation

Noun

J'

  1. (slang) a joint (marijuna cigarette)

Nupe

Pronunciation

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Polish

Etymology

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and J for development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Polish alphabet, called jot and written in the Latin script.

See also

Portuguese

Pronunciation

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Romani

Pronunciation

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. (International Standard) The thirteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. (Pan-Vlax) The fourteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

References

  • Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “J, j”, in ニューエクスプレス ロマ(ジプシー)語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 14

Romanian

Pronunciation

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called je or and written in the Latin script.

See also

Saanich

Pronunciation

Letter

J

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Saanich alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Silesian

Etymology

The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and J for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Skolt Sami

Pronunciation

Letter

J (lower case j)

  1. The seventeenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

Slovene

Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

Letter

J (capital, lowercase j)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. The seventeenth letter of the Slovene alphabet (Resian), written in the Latin script.
  3. The twelfth letter of the Slovene alphabet (Natisone Valley dialect), written in the Latin script.

Somali

Pronunciation

Letter

J upper case (lower case j)

  1. The fourth letter of the Somali alphabet, called ja and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

  1. The fourth letter of the Somali alphabet, which follows Arabic abjad order. It is preceded by T and followed by X.

See also

Spanish

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. the tenth letter of the Spanish alphabet

Swedish

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. the tenth letter of the Swedish alphabet

See also

Pronoun

J

  1. Archaic form of ni (you), alternative letter-case form of j [1]
    Synonyms: I, i
    • 1740, Carl Gyllenborg, Swenska Sprätthöken, Comédie, Uti 5. Acter, page 40:
      [...] och då skall J få bli qwar i Stockholm, til deß måßan wäxer på Er, för Juncker Torbiörn.
      and then You will stay in Stockholm, until the moss grows on you, for Juncker Torbiörn.

References

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish J. Each pronunciation has a different source:

  • Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English J.
  • Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish J.

Pronunciation

  • (Standard Tagalog)
    • IPA(key): /ˈdjej/ (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
    • IPA(key): /ˈhota/ (letter name, Abecedario)
    • IPA(key): /d͡ʒ/ (phoneme)
    • IPA(key): /h/ (phoneme, Spanish unadapted loanwords)
    • IPA(key): /s/ (phoneme, Spanish unadapted loanwords, obsolete)

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j, Baybayin spelling ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒᜌ᜔)

  1. The tenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called dyey and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

  • This letter is mostly used only in slang, proper nouns, or unadapted loanwords.
  • Some purists of Tagalog replace J in words with DY.

See also

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j, Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜆ)

  1. (historical) The eleventh letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abecedario), called jota and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

  • Some Spanish words originally with Spanish J tend to be replaced with H in Tagalog.

Further reading

  • J”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Turkish

Pronunciation

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

See also

Uzbek

Pronunciation

Letter

J (lower case j)

  1. The ninth letter of the Uzbek alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

See also

Welsh

Pronunciation

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The fourteenth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by I and followed by L.

Mutation

  • J cannot be mutated in Welsh.

See also

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “J”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yoruba

Pronunciation

  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /d͡ʒ/
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /d͡ʒí/

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called and written in the Latin script.

See also

Zulu

Letter

J (upper case, lower case j)

  1. The tenth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also