This module contains dialectal Korean synonyms for 뚫다 (ttulta).
| Historical and regional synonyms of 뚫다 (ttulta, “to pierce a hole”) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| view map; edit data | |||
| Group | Region | Location | Words |
| Standardised forms | South Korean Standard Language | 뚫다 (ttulta) | |
| North Korean Cultured Language | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Historical forms | Middle Korean | 드ᇕ〯다〮 (tǔlW-tá) (most common), ᄠᅳᇕ〯다〮 (ptǔlW-tá) (probably dialectal) | |
| Early Modern Seoul Korean | ᄯᅮᆲ다 (ttulda) (most common), ᄯᅮᆶ다 (ttulta) (from 19th century) | ||
| Central Korean | Gyeonggi | Modern colloquial Seoul | 뚫다 (ttulta) |
| Yeoncheon | 뚤루다 (ttulluda) | ||
| Paju | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Pocheon | 뚜르다 (ttureuda) | ||
| Ganghwa | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Gimpo | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Goyang | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Yangju | 뚤루다 (ttulluda) | ||
| Namyangju | 뚤루다 (ttulluda) | ||
| Gapyeong | 뚤루다 (ttulluda) | ||
| Siheung | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Gwangju | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Yangpyeong | 뚤루다 (ttulluda) | ||
| Hwaseong | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Osan | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Icheon | 뚧다 (ttulda) | ||
| Yeongseo | Chuncheon | 뚤루다 (ttulluda) | |
| Wonju | 뚤루다 (ttulluda) | ||
| Cheorwon | 뚤루다 (ttulluda) | ||
| Yanggu | 뚤루다 (ttulluda) | ||
| Inje | 뚧다 (ttupda) | ||
| Hongcheon | 뚤루다 (ttulluda) | ||
| Hoengseong | 뚤루다 (ttulluda) | ||
| Yeongdong | Gangneung | 뚧다 (ttū̀pdá) | |
| Yangyang | 뚤루다 (ttulluda) | ||
| Pyeongchang | 뚤루다 (ttulluda) | ||
| Yeongwol | 뚧다 (ttū̀pdá) | ||
| Jeongseon | 뚤루다 (ttulluda) | ||
| North Chungcheong | Cheongju | 뚧다 (ttulda) | |
| Eumseong | 뚧다 (ttulda) | ||
| Chungju | 뚧다 (ttulda) | ||
| Jecheon | 뚧다 (ttulda) | ||
| Goesan | 뚧다 (ttulda) | ||
| Boeun | 뜳다 (ttēupda) | ||
| Okcheon | 뜳다 (tteupda) | ||
| Yeongdong | 뜳다 (tteupda) | ||
| South Chungcheong | Daejeon | 뚧다 (ttupda) | |
| Seosan | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Dangjin | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Asan | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Cheonan | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Yesan | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Hongseong | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Cheongyang | 뜷다 (tteulta) | ||
| Gongju | 뜷다 (tteulta) | ||
| Yeongi | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Boryeong | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Nonsan | 뜰따 (tteultta) | ||
| Geumsan | 뜳다 (tteupda) | ||
| South Hwanghae | Ongjin | 뚤루다 (ttulluda), 뚤따 (ttultta) | |
| Anak | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Gyeongsang Korean | North Gyeongsang | Daegu | 떫다 (ttḕuldá) |
| Bonghwa | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá) | ||
| Uljin | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá), 떫다 (ttḕoldá) | ||
| Mungyeong | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá), 떫다 (ttḕoldá) | ||
| Yecheon | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá), 떫다 (ttḕoldá) | ||
| Andong | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá) | ||
| Yeongyang | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá) | ||
| Sangju | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá), 떫다 (ttḕoldá) | ||
| Uiseong | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá) | ||
| Cheongsong | 떫다 (ttḕoldá) | ||
| Gimcheon | 뜳다 (ttḕupdá) | ||
| Gumi | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá) | ||
| Gunwi | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá) | ||
| Pohang | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá) | ||
| Seongju | 떫다 (ttḕuldá) | ||
| Chilgok | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá) | ||
| Gyeongsan | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá) | ||
| Yeongcheon | 떫다 (ttḕuldá) | ||
| Goryeong | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá) | ||
| Cheongdo | 떫다 (ttḕuldá) | ||
| Gyeongju | 뚧다 (ttū̀ldá) | ||
| South Gyeongsang | Busan | 뚧다 (ttùldá) | |
| Ulsan | 뚧다 (ttùldá), 둛다 (dùpdá) | ||
| Changwon | 뚧다 (ttùpdá), 뚧다 (ttùldá) | ||
| Hapcheon | 떫다 (ttèupdá), 뚧다 (ttùldá) | ||
| Changnyeong | 뚧다 (ttùldá) | ||
| Miryang | 떫다 (ttèupdá), 뚧다 (ttùldá) | ||
| Hamyang | 떫다 (ttèupdá) | ||
| Sancheong | 뚧다 (ttùpdá) | ||
| Uiryeong | 떫다 (ttèupdá) | ||
| Hadong | 뚧다 (ttùpdá) | ||
| Jinju | 뚧다 (ttùldá), 떫다 (ttèoldá) | ||
| Haman | 뚧다 (ttùpdá), 떫다 (ttèuldá) | ||
| Gimhae | 둛다 (dùpdá) | ||
| Yangsan | 뚧다 (ttùldá) | ||
| Sacheon | 떫다 (ttèopdá), 떫다 (ttèoldá) | ||
| Goseong | 떫다 (ttèopdá), 떫다 (ttèoldá) | ||
| Namhae | 떫다 (ttèopdá), 떫다 (ttèoldá) | ||
| Tongyeong | 떫다 (ttèopdá), 떫다 (ttèoldá) | ||
| Geoje | 떫다 (ttèupdá), 뚧다 (ttùldá) | ||
| Jeolla Korean | North Jeolla | Gunsan | 뚫다 (ttulta) |
| Iksan | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Wanju | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Jinan | 뚧다 (ttupda) | ||
| Muju | 뜳다 (tteupda) | ||
| Gimje | 떯다 (tteolta) | ||
| Buan | 떯다 (tteolta) | ||
| Imsil | 뚧다 (ttupda) | ||
| Jangsu | 뚧다 (ttupda) | ||
| Gochang | 뜷다 (tteulta) | ||
| Sunchang | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Namwon | 뚧다 (ttupda) | ||
| South Jeolla | Yeonggwang | 뜷다 (tteulta) | |
| Jangseong | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Damyang | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Gokseong | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Gurye | 뚧다 (ttupda) | ||
| Hampyeong | 떯다 (tteolta) | ||
| Sinan | 뛰르다 (ttwireuda) | ||
| Naju | 뜷다 (tteulta) | ||
| Hwasun | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Suncheon | 뚧다 (ttupda) | ||
| Gwangyang | 뚧다 (ttupda) | ||
| Yeongam | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Jindo | 뜷다 (tteulta) | ||
| Haenam | 뚫다 (ttulta) | ||
| Gangjin | 뛰르다 (ttwireuda) | ||
| Jangheung | 뛰르다 (ttwireuda) | ||
| Boseong | 뛰르다 (ttwireuda) | ||
| Goheung | 뚤따 (ttultta) | ||
| Hamgyong Korean | North Hamgyong | Chongjin | 둛다 (dúpdà) |
| Kimchaek | 둛다 (dŭpdà) | ||
| Kilju | 둙다 (dŭkdà), 둛다 (dŭpdà) | ||
| Myongchon | 뚧다 (ttúpdà), 뚤르다 (ttùlúdà) | ||
| Kyongsong | 둛다 (dúpdà), 뚤르다 (ttùlúdà) | ||
| Puryong | 뚤르다 (ttùlúdà) | ||
| Musan | 둛다 (dúpdà), 뚧다 (ttúpdà) | ||
| Yukjin Korean | Yukjin | Hoeryong | 둛다 (dúpdà), 뚥다 (ttúkdà) |
| Onsong | 둛다 (dúpdà), 뚥다 (ttúkdà) | ||
| Kyongwon | 둙다 (dúkdà), 뚧다 (ttúpdà) | ||
| Jeju | Jeju City | ᄄᆞᆲ다 (ttawpda), ᄄᆞᆯ르다 (ttawlleuda), ᄄᆞᆯ우다 (ttawruda) | |
| Daejeong | ᄄᆞᆲ다 (ttawpda), ᄄᆞᆯ르다 (ttawlleuda), ᄄᆞᆯ우다 (ttawruda) | ||
| Gujwa | ᄄᆞᆲ다 (ttawpda), ᄄᆞᆯ르다 (ttawlleuda), ᄄᆞᆯ우다 (ttawruda) | ||
| Seogwipo | ᄄᆞᆲ다 (ttawpda), ᄄᆞᆯ르다 (ttawlleuda), ᄄᆞᆯ우다 (ttawruda) | ||
| This table is an amalgamation of surveys of speakers mostly born before 1950 and may not reflect the language of younger speakers, which has lexically converged towards the standard Seoul dialect in both North and South Koreas. | |||
local export = {}
export.gloss = "to pierce a hole"
export.syns = {
-- Standardised
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚫다" },
-- Historical
= { "" },
= { "" },
= {"드ᇕ〯다〮/tǔlW-tá:most common", "ᄠᅳᇕ〯다〮/ptǔlW-tá:probably dialectal"},
= { "ᄯᅮᆲ다/ttulda:most common","ᄯᅮᆶ다/ttulta:from 19th century" },
-- Central: Gyeonggi
= { "뚫다" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" }, --equivalent to 장단군 in non- or pre-NK data
= { "뚤루다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚜르다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚤루다" },
= { "" },
= { "뚤루다" },
= { "뚤루다" }, --Should this be moved to 영서, or should provincial boundaries be maintained? Prefer the latter for ease, esp. given the continuum
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚤루다" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "" },
= { "뚧다" },
= { "" },
= { "" }, --Dialect has 호서 characteristics despite political jurisdiction
= { "" }, --Dialect has 호서 characteristics despite political jurisdiction
-- Central: Yeongseo
= { "뚤루다" },
= { "뚤루다" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "뚤루다" },
= { "" },
= { "뚤루다" },
= { "뚧다/ttupda" },
= { "뚤루다" },
= { "뚤루다" },
-- Central: Yeongdong --Sometimes classified as Southeastern
= { "뚧다/ttū̀pdá"}, --This dialect has pitch (northern limit)
= { "" }, --Despite traditional provincial boundaries, Wonsan does not speak Hamgyong; distinction too major to ignore (and matches NK provinces anyways)
= { "" }, --equivalent to 영흥군 in non- or pre-NK data
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" }, --This dialect is pitch-ish, but the module currently does not mark pitch for it.
= { "" }, --This dialect is pitch-ish, but the module currently does not mark pitch for it.
= { "뚤루다" }, --This dialect is pitch-ish, but the module currently does not mark pitch for it.
= { "" }, --This dialect has pitch
= { "" }, --This dialect has pitch
= { "" }, --This dialect has pitch
= { "뚤루다" }, --This dialect is pitch-ish, but the module currently does not mark pitch for it. Geographically Yeongseo but dialectally Yeongdong.
= { "뚧다/ttū̀pdá"}, --This dialect has pitch. Geographically Yeongseo but dialectally Yeongdong
= { "뚤루다" }, --This dialect is pitch-ish, but the module currently does not mark pitch for it. Geographically Yeongseo but dialectally Yeongdong
-- Central: North Chungcheong
= { "뚧다" }, -- 청원군 was merged into this
= { "" },
= { "뚧다" },
= { "뚧다" },
= { "뚧다" },
= { "" },
= { "뚧다" },
= { "" },
= { "뜳다/ttēupda" },
= { "뜳다/tteupda" },
= { "뜳다/tteupda" },
-- Central: South Chungcheong
= { "뚧다/ttupda" },
= { "" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뜷다" },
= { "뜷다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "" },
= { "" }, --Sometimes classed as Southwestern
= { "뜰따" },
= { "뜳다/tteupda" }, --Sometimes classed as Southwestern
-- Central: South Hwanghae
= { "" },
= { "뚤루다", "뚤따" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" }, --equivalent to 연백군 in non- or pre-NK data, in the absence of greater detail
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
-- Central: North Hwanghae
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
-- Southeastern: North Gyeongsang
= { "떫다/ttḕuldá" },
= { "" },
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá"},
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá", " 떫다/ttḕoldá"}, --sometimes classed as Yeongdong
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá", " 떫다/ttḕoldá"},
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá", " 떫다/ttḕoldá"},
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá"},
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá"},
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá", " 떫다/ttḕoldá"},
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá"},
= { "떫다/ttḕoldá"},
= { "" },
= { "뜳다/ttḕupdá" },
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá"},
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá"},
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá"},
= { "떫다/ttḕuldá" },
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá"},
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá"},
= { "떫다/ttḕuldá" },
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá"},
= { "떫다/ttḕuldá" },
= { "뚧다/ttū̀ldá"},
= { "" }, --a koine dialect?
-- Southeastern: South Gyeongsang
= { "뚧다/ttùldá" },
= { "뚧다/ttùldá", "둛다/dùpdá" },
= { "뚧다/ttùpdá", "뚧다/ttùldá" },
= { "" },
= { "떫다/ttèupdá", "뚧다/ttùldá" },
= { "뚧다/ttùldá" },
= { "떫다/ttèupdá", "뚧다/ttùldá" },
= { "떫다/ttèupdá" },
= { "뚧다/ttùpdá" },
= { "떫다/ttèupdá"},
= { "뚧다/ttùpdá" },
= { "뚧다/ttùldá", "떫다/ttèoldá" },
= { "뚧다/ttùpdá", "떫다/ttèuldá" },
= { "둛다/dùpdá" },
= { "뚧다/ttùldá" },
= { "떫다/ttèopdá", "떫다/ttèoldá" },
= { "떫다/ttèopdá", "떫다/ttèoldá" },
= { "떫다/ttèopdá", "떫다/ttèoldá" },
= { "떫다/ttèopdá", "떫다/ttèoldá" },
= { "떫다/ttèupdá", "뚧다/ttùldá" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
-- Southeastern: Diaspora
= { "" },
= { "" },
-- Southwestern: North Jeolla
= { "" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚧다/ttupda" },
= { "뜳다/tteupda" },
= { "떯다" },
= { "떯다" },
= { "" },
= { "뚧다/ttupda" },
= { "뚧다/ttupda" },
= { "뜷다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚧다/ttupda" },
-- Southwestern: South Jeolla
= { "" },
= { "뜷다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚧다/ttupda" },
= { "떯다" },
= { "뛰르다" },
= { "뜷다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뚧다/ttupda" },
= { "뚧다/ttupda" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뜷다" },
= { "뚫다" },
= { "뛰르다" },
= { "뛰르다" },
= { "뛰르다" },
= { "뚤따" },
= { "" },
-- Northwestern: South Pyongan
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
-- Northwestern: North Pyongan
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
-- Northwestern: Diaspora
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
-- Northeastern: South Hamgyong
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" }, --North Korea put this under the jurisdiction of Chagang, but it was traditionally part of Changjin
-- Northeastern: North Hamgyong --Includes all of Ryanggang
= { "둛다/dúpdà" },
= { "둛다/dŭpdà" }, --equivalent to 성진시, 학성군 in non- or pre-NK data
= { "" },
= { "둙다/dŭkdà", "둛다/dŭpdà" },
= { "뚧다/ttúpdà", "뚤르다/ttùlúdà" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "둛다/dúpdà", "뚤르다/ttùlúdà" },
= { "뚤르다/ttùlúdà" }, --Often classed as Yukjin
= { "" },
= { "" }, --Often classed as Yukjin
= { "" },
= { "둛다/dúpdà", "뚧다/ttúpdà" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" }, --equivalent to 후창군 in non- or pre-NK data
-- Northeastern: Diaspora
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
-- Yukjin
= { "둛다/dúpdà", "뚥다/ttúkdà" },
= { "둛다/dúpdà", "뚥다/ttúkdà" },
= { "둙다/dúkdà", "뚧다/ttúpdà" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
= { "" },
-- Jeju
= { "ᄄᆞᆲ다/ttawpda", "ᄄᆞᆯ르다", "ᄄᆞᆯ우다"},
= { "ᄄᆞᆲ다/ttawpda", "ᄄᆞᆯ르다", "ᄄᆞᆯ우다" },
= { "ᄄᆞᆲ다/ttawpda", "ᄄᆞᆯ르다", "ᄄᆞᆯ우다" },
= { "ᄄᆞᆲ다/ttawpda", "ᄄᆞᆯ르다", "ᄄᆞᆯ우다" },
}
return export