Module:he-translit

The following documentation is generated by Module:documentation/functions/translit.
Useful links: subpage list • links • transclusions • testcases • sandbox
This module will transliterate Hebrew language text per WT:HE TR. The module should preferably not be called directly from templates or other modules. To use it from a template, use {{xlit}}. Within a module, use Module:languages#Language:transliterate.
For testcases, see Module:he-translit/testcases.
Functions

tr(text, lang, sc): Transliterates a given piece of text written in the script specified by the code sc, and language specified by the code lang.; When the transliteration fails, returns nil.
local export = {}

--Contributors: Malku H₂n̥rés, Sartma, Erutuon, Metaknowledge

local m_str_utils = require("Module:string utilities")

local gcodepoint = m_str_utils.gcodepoint
local match = m_str_utils.match
local s = m_str_utils.gsub
local U = m_str_utils.char

local bidirectional_control_characters =
	U(0x061C) .. U(0x200E) .. U(0x200F) .. U(0x202A) .. "-" .. U(0x202E)
	.. U(0x2066) .. "-" .. U(0x2069)
local word_end = "%f"
local word_start = "%f"
-- Bidirectional control characters should be avoided as much as possible,
-- but they are easily picked up when copying and pasting, so the module needs
-- to account for them.
-- This list is from ].

local V = "?́?" 
local C = ""

local c = { --direct translit
	--full char ie. C
     = "ʔ",
     = "ḇ",
     = "ḡ",
     = "ḏ",
     = "h",
     = "w",
     = "z",
     = "ḥ",
     = "ṭ",
     = "y",
     = "l",
     = "s",
     = "ʕ",
     = "q",
     = "r",
     = "ß",
     = "ṯ",
	--miscellaneous:
	 = "'", --geresh
     = "-", --hyphen
     = " .", --dot
	 = "ˊ", --sin dot
	 = "ˇ", --shin dot
     = "·", --dagesh
	 = "^", --oleh
	 = "+", --meteg
	--niqqud ie. V
	 = "a",
	 = "ɔ",
	 = "ɛ",
	 = "e",
	 = "i",
	 = "ɔ̆",
	 = "ă",
	 = "ɛ̆",
	 = "ə",
	 = "o",
	 = "u",
	 = "ɔ",
}

local b = { --BH
	--when different final form
	{"", "ḵ"},
	{"", "m"},
	{"", "n"},
	{"", "f"},
	{"", "ṣ"},

	{"(" .. V .. ")(·?)(+?)(^?)(?'?)", "%5%2%1%4%3"},  --order: s(h)in dot, geresh, dagesh, vowel (niqqud), oleh, meteg
	--bgdkft: fricative + dagesh > stop
	{"ḇ·", "b"},
	{"ḡ·", "g"},
	{"ḏ·", "d"},
	{"ṯ·", "t"},
	{"ḵ·", "k"},
	{"f·", "p"},
	--s(h)in dot
	{"ß(·?)ˇ", "š%1"},
	{"ß(·?)ˊ", "ś%1"},
	--vowel lengthenings
	{"i(?)y", "ī%1"}, --V > long / _{jw}{no V no dagesh}
	{"ī(?" .. V .. ")", "iy%1"},
	{"ī·", "iy·"},
	{"e(?)y", "ē%1"},
	{"ē(?" .. V .. ")", "ey%1"},
	{"ɛ(?)y", "E%1"},  --see E > ɛ̄ below
	{"E(?" .. V .. ")", "ɛy%1"},
	{"(" .. C .. "·?)wo", "%1ō"},
	{"(" .. V .. "?)w·", "%1U"},
	{"w·", "ū"},
	{"U", "w·"},
	{"(" .. C .. "·?)y·", "%1ī"},
	--h > circumflex / V_{no V no dagesh}
	{"(" .. V .. "?)h", "%1H"},
	{"H(" .. V .. ")", "h%1"},
	{"H·", "h"},
	{"e(?)H", "ê%1"},
	{"o(?)H", "ô%1"},
	{"ɛ(?)H", "ɛ̂%1"},
	{"ɔ(?)H", "ɔ̂%1"},
	{"a(?)H", "â%1"},

	{"(" .. V .. "?%s?)(.)·(%s?" .. V .. ")", "%1%2%2%3"},  --dagesh gemination
	{"", ""},  --deletion of unpointed s(h)ins and useless dageshim
	--schwa: Ə means "kept"
	{"ə" .. word_end, ""},
	{"ə()", "Ə%1"},
	{"()(" .. C .. ")ə", "%1%2Ə"},
	{"E", "ɛ̄"},  --see >E above
	{"(" .. C .. "ə?" .. C .. ")ə", "%1Ə"},
	{"(" .. C .. ")Ə(" .. C .. ")()", "%1ə%2Ə"},
	{word_start .. "(?a?" .. C .. ")ə", "%1Ə"},
	{"ə", ""},
	{"Ə", "ə"},

	{"()a(" .. word_end .. ")", "^a%1%2"},  --final /a/-guttural inversion
	--penultimate stress: segolates & -áyiC
	{"(" .. C .. ")(%+?".. C .. "ɛ" .. C .. ")" .. word_end, "%1^%2"},
	{"(" .. C .. "a)(%+?".. C .. C .. "?a" .. C ..")" .. word_end, "%1^%2"},
	{"ayi(" .. C .. ")" .. word_end, "a^yi%1"},
	--stress marking
	{"a^", "á"},
	{"e^", "é"},
	{"i^", "í"},
	{"o^", "ó"},
	{"u^", "ú"},
	{"ɛ^", "ɛ́"},
	{"ɔ^", "ɔ́"},
	{"ā^", "ā́"},
	{"ē^", "ḗ"},
	{"ī^", "ī́"},
	{"ō^", "ṓ"},
	{"ū^", "ū́"},
	{"ɛ̄^", "ɛ̄́"},
	{"ɔ̄^", "ɔ̄́"},
	{"ê^", "ế"},
	{"ô^", "ố"},
	{"ɛ̂^", "ɛ̂́"},
	{"ɔ̂^", "ɔ̂́"},

	{"ɔyw(" .. word_end .. ")", "ɔw%1"},  --irregular…
	{"(" .. V .. "?)()(" .. V .. ")", "%1%2%2%3"},  --dagesh bgdkft gemination
	{"f", "p̄"},  --bc p̄ are 2 chars
	{"%s%.", "."},  --quotes: " ." > "." (esthetics)
}

--MH
local m = { --direct change
	 = "d",
	 = "g",
	 = "s",
	 = "″", --gershayim
	 = "k",
	 = "i",
	 = "u",
	 = "^", --stress marking conversion below
}

local l = {
	--indirect
	{"p̄", "f"},
	{"", ""},
	{"ḥ'", "ḫ"},
	{"ṯ'", "T"},
	{"ṭ'", "ẓ"},
	{"g'", "j"},
	{"z'", "Z"},
	{"ṣ'", "C"},
	{"d'", "D"},
	{"'", "ġ"},
	{"(.)%1", "%1"},
	{"", "v"},
	{"", "K"},
	{"", "t"},
	{"'", ""},
	{"", "'"},
	--above: loss of vowel length, loss of gemination, turning n-grams into 1 char, MH mergers.

	--schwa
	--prefixes
	-- {word_start .. "()ə", "%1e"},
	-- {"(u)ə", "%1e"},
	--initial C clusters
	{word_start .. "()ə", "%1e"},
	{word_start .. "(" .. C .. ")ə()", "%1e%2"},
	--internal
	{"(" .. C .. ")ə", "%1e"},
	{"(" .. C .. C .. ")ə", "%1e"},
	{"", ""}, --deletion of remaining schwa and metegim

	--put here not above to avoid e/ə confusion
	{"", "a"},
	{"", "e"},
	{"", "o"},
	{"", "é"},
	{"", "ó"},

	{"(" .. word_start .. "-)(" .. C .. "?" .. C .. "?)" .. word_end, "%1^%2"},  --module-explicit default final stress...
	--same articulation > schwa insertion
	{"()()", "%1e%2"},
	{"()()", "%1e%2"},
	{"()()", "%1e%2"},
	{"()()", "%1e%2"},
	{"()()", "%1e%2"},
	{"()()", "%1e%2"},
	{"()()", "%1e%2"},
	{"()()", "%1e%2"},
	{"(K)(K)", "%1e%2"},
	{"(r)(r)", "%1e%2"},
	{"''", "'e'"},

	--a/o, including kol
	{"ɔ(" .. C .. C .. ")", "o%1"},
	{"ɔ(" .. C .. ")" .. word_end, "o%1"},
	{"(" .. word_start .. ")ɔ(^l" .. word_end .. ")", "%1o%2"},
	{"()ɔ(^l" .. word_end .. ")", "%1o%2"},
	-- {"(m)ɔ(^l" .. word_end .. ")", "%1o%2"},
	{"(" .. word_start .. "u)ɔ(^l" .. word_end .. ")", "%1o%2"},
	{"(ha)ɔ(^l" .. word_end .. ")", "%1o%2"},
	{"ɔ", "a"},

	{"(" .. word_start .. C .. C .. "?" .. V .. ")^(" .. C .. "?" .. C .. "?" .. word_end .. ")", "%1%2"},  --…reader-implicit acute accent in monosyllabic
	--stress marking
	{"a^", "á"},
	{"e^", "é"},
	{"i^", "í"},
	{"o^", "ó"},
	{"u^", "ú"},
	--glottal stops: kept when {CV}'V,
	{"(" .. word_start .. ")'", "%1"},
	{"'(" .. C .. ")", "%1"},
	{"'(" .. word_end .. ")", "%1"},
	--fake digraphs
	{"()h", "%1'h"},
	--one char > displaying
	{"ṣ", "ts"},
	{"š", "sh"},
	{"T", "t'"},
	{"Z", "zh"},
	{"C", "ch"},
	{"D", "d'"},
	{"K", "kh"},
}


function export.BH(text)
	text = s(s(text, '.', c), "", "") --remove cantillation marks so that it works for quotes too
	for a = 1, #b do
		text = s(text, b, b)
	end
	return text
end

function export.BH_tr(text)
	return s(export.BH(text), "+", "") --metegim kept for MH
end

function export.MH_tr(text)
	local acronym = false
	text = s(export.BH(text), '.', m) --.BH() to keep metegim, m is applied
	if match(text, "″") and not match(text, V) then --acronym = gershayim & no V
		text = s(s(s(text, "p̄", "p"), "ḇ", "b"), "ḵ", "k")
		acronym = true
	end
	for a = 1, #l do --in any case, l is applied
		text = s(text, l, l)
	end
	if acronym == true then
		text = mw.ustring.upper(text)
	end
	return text
end

function export.tr(text, lang, sc)
	if not sc then
		sc = require("Module:languages").getByCode(lang):findBestScript(text):getCode()
	end
	if sc ~= "Hebr" or not match(text, "") then
		return nil
	elseif lang == "he" then
		return export.MH_tr(text)
	elseif lang == "hbo" then --though useless
		return export.BH_tr(text)
	end
end

function export.tr_all(frame)
	return export.BH_tr(frame.args) .. ", " .. export.MH_tr(frame.args)
end

--Erutuon's code for code points below

--[[
local Array = require "Module:array"
local function show_code_point_names(text)
	if not text then return "" end
	local names = Array()
	for cp in gcodepoint(text) do
		-- Remove HEBREW LETTER, HEBREW POINT, etc.
		local name = require "Module:Unicode data".lookup_name(cp)
			:gsub(
				"^HEBREW (%w+) ",
				function(type)
					if type == "ACCENT" then return "ACCENT " else return "" end
				end)
			:lower()
		names:insert(name)
	end
	return names:concat ", "
end


local old_s = s
function s(...)
	local old = ...
	local new = old_s(...)
	if old ~= new then
		mw.log(show_code_point_names(old), show_code_point_names(new), ...)
	end
	return new
end
--]]

return export
Module:he-translit

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