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From Penn(“William Penn”) + sylvan(“woods”) + -ia(“land”). On March 4, 1681, Charles II of England granted a land tract to William Penn for the area that now includes Pennsylvania. Penn then founded a colony there as a place of religious freedom for Quakers, and named it for the Latinsylva, silva(“meaning "wood"”), thus "Pennsylvania" (Penn's woods). Some propose that the "Penn" is derived from William's more respected father, also named William Penn.[en 1]
(historical) A former colony of England, from 1681 to 1707, and of Great Britain, from 1707 to 1776, which grew progressively larger before becoming the present state.
The first, and historically largest, now defunct US railroad, a hallmark of the industrial age.