Proto-Indo-European

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English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From proto- +‎ Indo-European.

Pronunciation

(UK) IPA^(key): /ˌpɹəʊ̯təʊ̯ˌɪndə(ʊ̯)ˌjʊə̯ɹəˈpiːən/, /-ˌjɔːɹəˈ-/, (US) IPA^(key): /ˌpɹoʊ̯toʊ̯ˌɪndoʊ̯ˌjʊɹəˈpi.ən/^[1]
Audio (US): (file)

Proper noun

Proto-Indo-European

(linguistics, uncountable) The reconstructed ancestor language or protolanguage of the Indo-European family of languages, which includes most European, Iranian, and Indian languages.
The word mother comes from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr.

The plural English word brethren and the Farsi word that is pronounced as 'baradaran' both come from the same Proto-Indo-European root word.

Synonyms

Indo-European
(dated) Indo-Germanic, Proto-Indo-Germanic

Translations

ancestor language of most European and Indian languages

Armenian: հնդեվրոպական նախալեզու (hy) (hndevropakan naxalezu)
Basque: Aitzinindoeuropera
Breton: indez-europeg
Bulgarian: индоевропе́йски пра́език m (indoevropéjski práezik)
Catalan: protoindoeuropeu m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 原始印歐語／原始印欧语 (Yuánshǐ Yìn-Ōuyǔ)
Czech: praindoevropština (cs) f
Danish: protoindoeuropæisk, urindoeuropæisk
Dutch: Proto-Indo-Europees (nl) n
Esperanto: hindeŭropa pralingvo
Faroese: frumindoevropeiskt n
Finnish: indoeurooppalainen kantakieli, kantaindoeurooppa (fi)
French: indo-européen commun (fr) m, indoeuropéen (fr)
Galician: protoindoeuropeo m
Georgian: პროტოინდოევროპული ენა (ṗroṭoindoevroṗuli ena), წინარეინდოევროპული ენა (c̣inareindoevroṗuli ena), პროტოინდოევროპული (ṗroṭoindoevroṗuli), წინარეინდოევროპული (c̣inareindoevroṗuli)
German: Indogermanisch (de) n, Urindogermanisch (de) n
Greek: πρωτοϊνδοευρωπαϊκά (el) pl (protoïndoevropaïká)
Hebrew: פרוטו־הודו־אירופית f (próto-hódu-eirópit)
Hindi: आदिम-भारोपीय f (ādim-bhāropīya)
Hungarian: indoeurópai alapnyelv
Icelandic: frumindóevrópska f
Interlingua: proto-indoeuropeo
Irish: Próta-Ind-Eorpais f
Italian: protoindoeuropeo (it) m
Japanese: 印欧祖語 (ja) (in'ō sogo), インド・ヨーロッパ祖語 (ja) (indo-yōroppa sogo)
Korean: 인도유럽조어 (indoyureopjo'eo), 원시인구어 (wonsiin'gueo)
Latin: lingua indogermanica f, lingua prisca indoeuropaea f
Lithuanian: indoeuropiečių prokalbė (lt) f
Macedonian: праиндоевропски јазик m (praindoevropski jazik)
Norwegian: protoindoeuropeisk (no)
Bokmål: urindoeuropeisk (no)

Nynorsk: urindoeuropeisk
Persian: نیاهندواروپایی (niyâ-hendo-orupâyi)
Polish: praindoeuropejski (pl) m
Portuguese: protoindo-europeu (pt) m
Romanian: limba proto-indo-europeană f, stră-indoeuropeană f
Russian: праиндоевропе́йский язы́к (ru) m (praindojevropéjskij jazýk)
Serbo-Croatian: proto-indo-europski
Slovak: praindoeurópčina f
Slovene: praindoevropščina f
Spanish: protoindoeuropeo (es) m
Swedish: urindoeuropeiska (sv), protoindoeuropeiska, indoeuropeiska urspråket
Turkish: Proto-Hint-Avrupaca
Ukrainian: праіндоєвропе́йська f (praindojevropéjsʹka)
Urdu: اَوَّلِی ہِنْد یُورَپِی f (avvalī-hind-yūrapī)
Welsh: proto-indo-ewropeaidd

See also

Wiktionary's coverage of Proto-Indo-European terms
Appendix:Proto-Indo-European Swadesh list for a Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words in Proto-Indo-European

Noun

Proto-Indo-European (plural Proto-Indo-Europeans)

(anthropology, countable) A person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language.
Synonym: Indo-European

Translations

person who spoke the Proto-Indo-European language

Dutch: Proto-Indo-Europeaan m
French: Indo-européen (fr) m, Indoeuropéen (fr) m
Georgian: პროტოინდოევროპელი (ṗroṭoindoevroṗeli), წინარეინდოევროპელი (c̣inareindoevroṗeli)
German: Urindogermane m
Hungarian: indoeurópai (hu)
Irish: Próta-Ind-Eorpach m
Lithuanian: indoeuropietis m, indoeuropietė f
Macedonian: Праиндоевропе́ец (Praindoevropéec)
Persian: نیاهندواروپایی‌زبان (niyâ-hendo-orupâyi-zabân)
Polish: Praindoeuropejczyk
Romanian: indoeuropean m, indoeuropeană f
Russian: праиндоевропе́ец (ru) m (praindojevropéjec)
Slovene: Praindoevropejec m
Spanish: protoindoeuropeo (es) m
Turkish: Proto-Hint-Avrupalı
Ukrainian: праіндоєвропе́єць m (praindojevropéjecʹ), праіндоєвропе́йка f (praindojevropéjka)

Adjective

Proto-Indo-European (not comparable)

(linguistics, anthropology) Of or pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it.

Translations

pertaining to the Proto-Indo-European language, or the people who spoke it — see also Indo-European

Armenian: նախահնդեվրոպական (naxahndevropakan)
Czech: praindoevropský
Dutch: Proto-Indo-Europees (nl)
French: indoeuropéen (fr) m
Georgian: პროტოინდოევროპული (ṗroṭoindoevroṗuli), წინარეინდოევროპული (c̣inareindoevroṗuli)
German: urindogermanisch, indogermanisch (de)
Hungarian: indoeurópai (hu)
Icelandic: frumindóevrópskur m
Irish: Próta-Ind-Eorpach
Macedonian: праиндоевропски (praindoevropski)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: urindoeuropeisk (no)

Nynorsk: urindoeuropeisk
Persian: نیا-هندواروپایی (niyâ-hendo-orupâyi)
Polish: praindoeuropejski (pl) m
Portuguese: protoindo-europeu (pt) m
Romanian: stră-indoeuropean m or n, proto-indoeuropean m or n
Russian: праиндоевропе́йский (ru) (praindojevropéjskij)
Slovene: praindoevropski
Spanish: protoindoeuropeo (es)
Swedish: urindoeuropeisk (sv), protoindoeuropeisk
Turkish: Proto-Hint-Avrupa grubuna ait, Proto-Hint-Avrupa grubundan
Ukrainian: праіндоєвропе́йський (praindojevropéjsʹkyj)

Related terms

European
Indian
Indo-European language family
proto-

See also

Proto-Indo-European is the hypothetical ancestor language of many languages, including the following major groups:

Wiktionary's coverage of Proto-Indo-European terms
Appendix:Proto-Indo-European Swadesh list for a Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words in Proto-Indo-European

References

^ Wells, John C. Longman Pronunciation Dictionary, 3rd ed. Longman, 2008. isbn 9781405881180.

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