Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/rágas

This Proto-Balto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Balto-Slavic

Etymology

Fick and Prellwitz derived it from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ergʰ- (“to begin, rule”) (compare Ancient Greek ἄρχω (árkhō, “I rule, govern, begin”)), but Boisacq regards the connection as dubious.^[1]

Sometimes compared to Georgian რქა (rka), Laz ქრა (kra), Mingrelian რქა (rka).^[2]

Noun

*rágas m^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

horn

Inflection

Declension of *rágas (o-stem, fixed accent)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*rágas	*rágōˀ	*rágai⁽ˀ⁾
Accusative	*rágan	*rágōˀ	*rágō⁽ˀ⁾ns
Genitive	*rágā	*rágāu⁽ˀ⁾	*rágōn
Locative	*rágai	*rágāu⁽ˀ⁾	*rágaišu
Dative	*rágōi	*rágamā⁽ˀ⁾	*rágamas
Instrumental	*rágōˀ	*rágamāˀ	*rágōis
Vocative	*ráge	*rágōˀ	*rágai⁽ˀ⁾

Descendants

East Baltic:
- Latgalian: rogs
- Latvian: rags
- Lithuanian: rãgas
West Baltic:
- Old Prussian: ragis
Proto-Slavic: *rȍgъ (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Chatterji, S. K. (1926). The Origin and Development of the Bengali Language. India: Calcutta University Press, p. 1041
^ Gamkrelidze, Th. V., Ivanov, V. V. (1995) Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans. A Reconstruction and Historical Analysis of a Proto-Language and Proto-Culture. Part I: The Text (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 80), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 776.
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*rȏgъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 438: “*rogos”
^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “ragas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 374: “*rógos”
^ Jasanoff, Jay (2017) The Prehistory of the Balto-Slavic Accent (Brill's Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics; 17), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 162: “*ra̍gas”
^ Nikolajev, S. L. (2012) “Vostočnoslavjanskije refleksy akcentnoj paradigmy d i indojevropejskije sootvetstvija slavjanskim akcentnym tipam suščestvitelʹnyx mužskovo roda s o- i u-osnovami*”, in Karpato-balkanskij dialektnyj landšaft: Jazyk i kulʹtura‎ (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 133

[1] Chatterji, S. K. (1926). The Origin and Development of the Bengali Language. India: Calcutta University Press, p. 1041

[2] Gamkrelidze, Th. V., Ivanov, V. V. (1995) Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans. A Reconstruction and Historical Analysis of a Proto-Language and Proto-Culture. Part I: The Text (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 80), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 776.

[3] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*rȏgъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 438: “*rogos”

[4] Derksen, Rick (2015) “ragas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 374: “*rógos”

[5] Jasanoff, Jay (2017) The Prehistory of the Balto-Slavic Accent (Brill's Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics; 17), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 162: “*ra̍gas”

[6] Nikolajev, S. L. (2012) “Vostočnoslavjanskije refleksy akcentnoj paradigmy d i indojevropejskije sootvetstvija slavjanskim akcentnym tipam suščestvitelʹnyx mužskovo roda s o- i u-osnovami*”, in Karpato-balkanskij dialektnyj landšaft: Jazyk i kulʹtura‎ (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 133

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