Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/Gworθɨɣern

This Proto-Brythonic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Brythonic

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *Uɸortigernos. Equivalent to *gwo- (“sub-, under”) +‎ *tɨɣern (“lord”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡworθɨˈɣɛrn/

Proper noun

*Gworθɨɣern

a male given name

Descendants

Old Breton: Guorthigern
- Breton: Gourziern
Old Welsh: Guorthigirn
- Middle Welsh: Gwrtheyrn
  - Welsh: Gwrtheyrn
→ Old English: Wyrtġeorn ^[1]
→ Latin: Vortigernus, Gurthigernus ,^[2] Vertigernus ,^[3] Uvertigernus ,^[4] Vurtigernus^[5]
- → English: Vortigern

References

^ Bately, Janet M. (1986) The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: A Collaborative Edition. Vol. 3: MS. A.
^ Kerlouégan, François (1987) Le de excidio britanniae de Gildas (in French), →ISBN. Hugh Williams (1899) argued that the name was interpolated in later MSS., but the argument is inconclusive and rejected by some scholars. See Radford, C. A. Ralegh (1958) “Vortigern”, in Antiquity, volume 32, page 19.
^ Jones, Charles W. (ed.), Beda Venerabilis (1977) De temporum ratione liber, Corpus Christianorum Series Latina 123B
^ Dumville, David N. (1973) “A new chronicle-fragment of early British history”, in The English Historical Review, 88, page 314: “Annos CCCCXLVIIII Martinus cum Ualentiniano imperium suiens et vii annis ; quorum tempore Angli, a Uuertigerno Brittonum rege arcessiti, Brittaniam adierunt quorum dux erat Hengist filius Ohta.”
^ Chadwick, N.K. (ed.) (1954) Studies in Early British History

[1] Bately, Janet M. (1986) The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: A Collaborative Edition. Vol. 3: MS. A.

[2] Kerlouégan, François (1987) Le de excidio britanniae de Gildas (in French), →ISBN. Hugh Williams (1899) argued that the name was interpolated in later MSS., but the argument is inconclusive and rejected by some scholars. See Radford, C. A. Ralegh (1958) “Vortigern”, in Antiquity, volume 32, page 19.

[3] Jones, Charles W. (ed.), Beda Venerabilis (1977) De temporum ratione liber, Corpus Christianorum Series Latina 123B

[4] Dumville, David N. (1973) “A new chronicle-fragment of early British history”, in The English Historical Review, 88, page 314: “Annos CCCCXLVIIII Martinus cum Ualentiniano imperium suiens et vii annis ; quorum tempore Angli, a Uuertigerno Brittonum rege arcessiti, Brittaniam adierunt quorum dux erat Hengist filius Ohta.”

[5] Chadwick, N.K. (ed.) (1954) Studies in Early British History

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