Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kʷareti

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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (to make).

Verb

*kʷareti

  1. to make
    Synonym: *gniyeti

Inflection

Thematic present
Active voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *kʷarū *kʷaremam *kʷikʷrissū
2nd singular *kʷaresi *kʷaretās *kʷikʷrissesi
3rd singular *kʷareti *kʷareto *kʷikʷrisseti
1st plural *kʷaromosi *kʷaremo *kʷikʷrissomosi
2nd plural *kʷaretesi *kʷarestē *kʷikʷrissetesi
3rd plural *kʷaronti *kʷarento *kʷikʷrissonti
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular *kʷersū ?
2nd singular *kʷersesi ? *kʷare
3rd singular *kʷerseti ? *kʷaretou
1st plural *kʷersomosi ? *kʷaromos
2nd plural *kʷersetesi ? *kʷarete
3rd plural *kʷersonti ? *kʷarontou
Passive voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *kʷarūr *kʷikʷrissūr
2nd singular *kʷaretar *kʷikʷrissetar
3rd singular *kʷaretor ? *kʷikʷrissetor
1st plural *kʷarommor *kʷikʷrissommor
2nd plural *kʷaredwe *kʷikʷrissedwe
3rd plural *kʷarontor ? *kʷikʷrissontor
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular *kʷersūr
2nd singular *kʷersetar
3rd singular *kʷersetor
1st plural *kʷersommor
2nd plural *kʷersedwe
3rd plural *kʷersontor
Declension of the present participle
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *kʷaronts *kʷaronte *kʷarontes
vocative *kʷaronts *kʷaronte *kʷarontes
accusative *kʷarontam *kʷaronte *kʷarontans
genitive *kʷarantos *? *kʷarantom
dative *kʷarantei *kʷarantbom *kʷarantbos
instrumental *kʷarantī? *kʷarantbim *kʷarantbis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *kʷarantī *kʷarantī *kʷarantiyās
vocative *kʷarantī *kʷarantī *kʷarantiyās
accusative *kʷarantīm *kʷarantī *kʷarantiyans
genitive *kʷarantyās *? *kʷarantyom
dative *kʷarantyāi *kʷarantyābom *kʷarantyābos
instrumental *? *kʷarantyābim *kʷarantyābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *kʷaront *? *kʷaronta
vocative *kʷaront *? *kʷaronta
accusative *kʷaront *? *kʷaronta
genitive *kʷarantos *? *kʷarantom
dative *kʷarantei *? *kʷarantbos
instrumental *kʷarantī? *? *kʷarantbis
Declension of the middle participle
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *kʷaromnos *kʷaromnou *kʷaromnoi
vocative *kʷaromne *kʷaromnou *kʷaromnoi
accusative *kʷaromnom *kʷaromnou *kʷaromnons
genitive *kʷaromnī *kʷaromnous *kʷaromnom
dative *kʷaromnūi *kʷaromnobom *kʷaromnobos
instrumental *kʷaromnū *kʷaromnobim *kʷaromnobis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *kʷaromnā *kʷaromnai *kʷaromnās
vocative *kʷaromnā *kʷaromnai *kʷaromnās
accusative *kʷaromnam *kʷaromnai *kʷaromnans
genitive *kʷaromnās *kʷaromnous *kʷaromnom
dative *kʷaromnai *kʷaromnābom *kʷaromnābos
instrumental *? *kʷaromnābim *kʷaromnābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *kʷaromnom *kʷaromnou *kʷaromnā
vocative *kʷaromnom *kʷaromnou *kʷaromnā
accusative *kʷaromnom *kʷaromnou *kʷaromnā
genitive *kʷaromnī *kʷaromnous *kʷaromnom
dative *kʷaromnūi *kʷaromnobom *kʷaromnobos
instrumental *kʷaromnū *kʷaromnobim *kʷaromnobis
Declension of the past participle
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *kʷritos *kʷritou *kʷritoi
vocative *kʷrite *kʷritou *kʷritoi
accusative *kʷritom *kʷritou *kʷritons
genitive *kʷritī *kʷritous *kʷritom
dative *kʷritūi *kʷritobom *kʷritobos
instrumental *kʷritū *kʷritobim *kʷritobis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *kʷritā *kʷritai *kʷritās
vocative *kʷritā *kʷritai *kʷritās
accusative *kʷritam *kʷritai *kʷritans
genitive *kʷritās *kʷritous *kʷritom
dative *kʷritai *kʷritābom *kʷritābos
instrumental *? *kʷritābim *kʷritābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *kʷritom *kʷritou *kʷritā
vocative *kʷritom *kʷritou *kʷritā
accusative *kʷritom *kʷritou *kʷritā
genitive *kʷritī *kʷritous *kʷritom
dative *kʷritūi *kʷritobom *kʷritobos
instrumental *kʷritū *kʷritobim *kʷritobis

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-Brythonic: *pėrɨd

References

  1. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN