Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/krokkenom

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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Unknown, possibly a substrate word due to the irregular phonetic shape.[1] Possibly related to Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz (back, ridge), but this root is itself of uncertain origin.[2]

Noun

*krokkenom n

  1. skin
    Synonyms: *kennos, *knissos

Inflection

Neuter o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *krokkenom *krokkenou *krokkenā
vocative *krokkenom *krokkenou *krokkenā
accusative *krokkenom *krokkenou *krokkenā
genitive *krokkenī *krokkenous *krokkenom
dative *krokkenūi *krokkenobom *krokkenobos
locative *krokkenei *? *?
instrumental *krokkenū *krokkenobim *krokkenūis

Reconstruction notes

  • Reconstructing neuter gender hinges entirely on Middle Irish croicni in the nominative plural.
  • This word was phonetically unstable across Celtic. Welsh and Old Cornish show a coexisting form *kroknom and Gaulish has replaced the ending with -īnā.
  • Fortson contemplates the possibility that *kroknom appearing in Welsh and Old Cornish was the original form and that the -kenn- elsewhere was inserted under the influence of synonymous *kennos.[3]

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*krok(ke)no-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 226
  2. ^ MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “craicionn”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, →ISBN
  3. ^ Fortson IV, Benjamin W. (2010 July 15) “On ‘double-nasal’ presents in Celtic and Indo-European and a new Irish sound law”, in Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie, volume 57, number 2010, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, →DOI, →ISSN, page 59