Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/māros
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *meh₂-ro-s,[1] from *meh₂- (“good”), as the comparative and superlative reflect *h₂. Derived by others from Proto-Indo-European *moh₁-ro-s (“great”), with o-grade of the root *meh₁- (“to measure”), but then the comparative and superlative must be suppletive.[2][3] Cognate with Ancient Greek -μωρος (-mōros, “mighty”) and maybe with Proto-Germanic *mērijaz (“renowned, famous, great”), Old Church Slavonic мѣръ (měrŭ, “great”), but unrelated to Romanian mare (“good”).
Adjective
*māros (comparative *māyūs, superlative *maisamos)
Inflection
| O/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *māros | *mārou | *māroi |
| vocative | *māre | *mārou | *māroi |
| accusative | *mārom | *mārou | *mārons |
| genitive | *mārī | *mārous | *mārom |
| dative | *mārūi | *mārobom | *mārobos |
| instrumental | *mārū | *mārobim | *mārobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *mārā | *mārai | *mārās |
| vocative | *mārā | *mārai | *mārās |
| accusative | *māram | *mārai | *mārans |
| genitive | *mārās | *mārous | *mārom |
| dative | *mārai | *mārābom | *mārābos |
| instrumental | *? | *mārābim | *mārābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *mārom | *mārou | *mārā |
| vocative | *mārom | *mārou | *mārā |
| accusative | *mārom | *mārou | *mārā |
| genitive | *mārī | *mārous | *mārom |
| dative | *mārūi | *mārobom | *mārobos |
| instrumental | *mārū | *mārobim | *mārobis |
Derived terms
Related terms
- *mā-yūs m or f (comparative)[1] (from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂-yōs, see *meh₂-)
- *ma-is n (comparative)[1] (from *meh₂-is)
- *ma-is-amos (superlative)[1] (rebuilt from *meh₂-m̥mo-s)
Descendants
- Proto-Brythonic: *mọr
- Old Irish: már, máar, ⇒ mór (analogy with mó)
- ⇒ Old Irish: -mar (adjective-forming suffix)
- Gaulish: maros[4]
- ⇒ Gaulish: Danomaros (personal name)
- Lepontic: 𐌌𐌀𐌓𐌖𐌉 (marui)
Unsorted:
- →? Byzantine Greek: μάραον (máraon, “sweet chestnut”, literally “great one”)
- → Italian: marrone (“chestnut; chestnut-colored”) (see there for further descendants)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Jasanoff, Jay (1988–1990) “The origin of the Celtic comparative type OIr. tressa, MW trech ‘stronger’”, in Die Sprache, volume 34, published 1991, pages 171-189
- ^ Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 110
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*māro-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 258
- ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “maros”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 218f.