Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/noweti

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 This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Alternative reconstructions

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *new- (“to nod, assent”).

Verb

*noweti

  1. to nod
  2. to assent to

Inflection

Thematic present
Active voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *nowū *nowemam ? —
2nd singular *nowesi *nowetās ? —
3rd singular *noweti *noweto ? —
1st plural *nowomosi *nowemo ? —
2nd plural *nowetesi *nowestē ? —
3rd plural *nowonti *nowento ? —
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular *nowasū ? —
2nd singular *nowasesi ? *nowe
3rd singular *nowaseti ? *nowetou
1st plural *nowasomosi ? *nowomos
2nd plural *nowasetesi ? *nowete
3rd plural *nowasonti ? *nowontou
Passive voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *nowūr — ? —
2nd singular *nowetar — ? —
3rd singular *nowetor ? ? —
1st plural *nowommor — ? —
2nd plural *nowedwe — ? —
3rd plural *nowontor ? ? —
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular *nowasūr — —
2nd singular *nowasetar — —
3rd singular *nowasetor — —
1st plural *nowasommor — —
2nd plural *nowasedwe — —
3rd plural *nowasontor — —
Declension of the present participle
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *nowonts *nowonte *nowontes
vocative *nowonts *nowonte *nowontes
accusative *nowontam *nowonte *nowontans
genitive *nowantos *? *nowantom
dative *nowantei *nowantbom *nowantbos
instrumental *nowantī? *nowantbim *nowantbis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *nowantī *nowantī *nowantiyās
vocative *nowantī *nowantī *nowantiyās
accusative *nowantīm *nowantī *nowantiyans
genitive *nowantyās *? *nowantyom
dative *nowantyāi *nowantyābom *nowantyābos
instrumental *? *nowantyābim *nowantyābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *nowont *? *nowonta
vocative *nowont *? *nowonta
accusative *nowont *? *nowonta
genitive *nowantos *? *nowantom
dative *nowantei *? *nowantbos
instrumental *nowantī? *? *nowantbis
Declension of the middle participle
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *nowomnos *nowomnou *nowomnoi
vocative *nowomne *nowomnou *nowomnoi
accusative *nowomnom *nowomnou *nowomnons
genitive *nowomnī *nowomnous *nowomnom
dative *nowomnūi *nowomnobom *nowomnobos
instrumental *nowomnū *nowomnobim *nowomnobis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *nowomnā *nowomnai *nowomnās
vocative *nowomnā *nowomnai *nowomnās
accusative *nowomnam *nowomnai *nowomnans
genitive *nowomnās *nowomnous *nowomnom
dative *nowomnai *nowomnābom *nowomnābos
instrumental *? *nowomnābim *nowomnābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *nowomnom *nowomnou *nowomnā
vocative *nowomnom *nowomnou *nowomnā
accusative *nowomnom *nowomnou *nowomnā
genitive *nowomnī *nowomnous *nowomnom
dative *nowomnūi *nowomnobom *nowomnobos
instrumental *nowomnū *nowomnobim *nowomnobis

Derived terms

  • *ati-noweti
    • Old Irish: ad·noí
      • Middle Irish: aithnid
        • Irish: aithin (“to bid, command”)
        • Scottish Gaelic: àithn (“to command, order, bid”)
  • *ati-now-om
  • *dī-noweti
    • Proto-Brythonic:
      • Old Breton: dinouam (1sg. present)
      • Middle Cornish: dynwa (3sg. subjunctive)
      • Middle Welsh: dineu
  • *ambi-ad-noweti
  • *exs-noweti
  • *to-ambi-noweti
    • Old Irish: do·imnai (“to entrust, command”)
  • *to-ambi-now-om
  • *uɸor-dī-noweti
  • *writ-noweti

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 295
  2. ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 492-493
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