Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ümbär
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Alternative forms
- *ümber
Alternative reconstructions
- *ümpärä?
Etymology
From a root *ümpä- + *-r(a). The root is borrowed from Proto-Germanic *umbi.
Reconstruction
Estonian suggests *ümber instead; *-ä- is however found too in the derivative *ümbärtädäk (Estonian ümmardama), suggesting that forms with *-e- are due to later changes.
Noun
*ümbär
Usage notes
May have been used chiefly in plural, as most descendants use plural forms as well.
Inflection
Inflection of *ümbär
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *ümbär | *ümpäret | |
| accusative | *ümpären | *ümpäret | |
| genitive | *ümpären | *ümbärden *ümpäriden | |
| partitive | *ümbärtä | *ümpäritä | |
| inessive | *ümpäressä *ümpärehnä |
*ümpärissä *ümpärihnä | |
| elative | *ümpärestä | *ümpäristä | |
| illative | *ümpäresen | *ümpärisen | |
| adessive | *ümpärellä | *ümpärillä | |
| ablative | *ümpäreltä | *ümpäriltä | |
| allative | *ümpärelen *ümpärelek |
*ümpärilen *ümpärilek | |
| essive | *ümbärnä | *ümpärinä | |
| translative | *ümpäreksi | *ümpäriksi | |
| instructive | *ümpären | *ümpärin | |
| comitative | *ümbärnek | *ümpärinek | |
| abessive | *ümpärettä | *ümpärittä | |
Derived terms
Descendants
Does not survive as an independent noun in any descendant, but various forms exist as adverbs:
- Finnish: ympärillä (adessive plural), ympärille (allative plural), ympäriltä (ablative plural), ympäriinsä (inessive plural + possessive)
- Ingrian: ympäriil (adessive plural), ympärille (allative plural), ympärilt (ablative plural)
- Votic: (Pihlaala) ümperitsee (prolative plural)
Unsorted formations:
- ⇒ Ingrian: ympärikko
Related terms
Further reading
- Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*ümpäri”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto (in Finnish)