Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-uc
 |
This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Janhunen (1981) proposed that *-uc is from Proto-Uralic *-wte, from *-w and related to Proto-Samic *-otëk (compare Northern Sami -odat) and Proto-Samoyedic *pirə̂ (< *pide-w-),[1] but Salminen (2014) has cast doubt on this etymology by rejecting the presence of *-w- in the Samoyedic word.[2]
Korhonen (1981) mentions an alternative etymology that *-uc is a reduction of *vooci (“year”) (and thus cognate with Proto-Samic *vuotë, which would be an early Finnic borrowing),[3] a theory which Hakulinen however rejects on the basis that there is insufficient evidence for the required semantic and phonological development.[4]
More recently, Junttila (2019) has written that *-uc could in fact be related to Proto-Samic *vuotë and that the suffix may have originally been an independent back-vocalic word that was used to form compounds. He does not however elaborate on whether this word was *vooci or not, and states that the theory is uncertain as there is no widely accepted etymology for the Finnic and Samic morphemes.[5] Aikio, in his draft of the Uralic Etymological Dictionary, speculates on a possible etymology from Proto-Uralic *owte or *ote, and lists Proto-Samic *vuotë and Eastern Khanty от (ot) as possible cognates. This theory requires *-uuc to be the original primary form.[6] With this in mind, it appears that *-uc is probably somehow related to Proto-Samic *vuotë and that both originate from a common independent word (rather than an affix), but the exact nature of this word and its further origin is as of yet uncertain.
Suffix
*-uc / *-üc
- Forms nouns from adjectives or sometimes other nouns, expressing a quality of being that which is described: -ness, -hood, -ity, -th.
Inflection
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *-uc | *-udët | |
| accusative | *-udën | *-udët | |
| genitive | *-udën | *-ut'ën *-ucidën | |
| partitive | *-utta | *-ucita | |
| inessive | *-udëssa *-udëhna |
*-ucissa *-ucihna | |
| elative | *-udësta | *-ucista | |
| illative | *-udësën | *-ucisën | |
| adessive | *-udëlla | *-ucilla | |
| ablative | *-udëlta | *-ucilta | |
| allative | *-udëlën *-udëlëk |
*-ucilën *-ucilëk | |
| essive | *-unna | *-ucina | |
| translative | *-udëksi | *-uciksi | |
| instructive | *-udën | *-ucin | |
| comitative | *-unnëk | *-ucinëk | |
| abessive | *-udëtta | *-ucitta | |
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- ^ Janhunen, Juha. Uralilaisen kantakielen sanastosta (1981). Suomalais-ugrilaisen seuran aikakauskirja – Journal de la société finno-ougrienne 77. Helsinki. . pp. 238–239
- ^ Salminen, Tapani. Suomalais-samojedilaisia muotovertailuja (2014). Juuret marin murteissa, latvus yltää Uraliin : Juhlakirja Sirkka Saarisen 60-vuotispäiväksi 21.12.2014. Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, Helsinki. . p. 295
- ^ Korhonen, Mikko. Johdatus lapin kielen historiaan (1981). Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura. p. 322
- ^ Hakulinen, Lauri. 1941–2000. Suomen kielen rakenne ja kehitys ('The Structure and Development of the Finnish Language'). Helsinki: Otava/Helsingin yliopisto.
- ^ Junttila, Santeri. Kantasuomen keskivokaalit ja jälkitavun U (Kommentti). Petri Kallio rocKs: Liber semisaecularis 7.2.2019 (2019). pp. 51–52
- ^ Aikio, Ante. Uralic Etymological Dictionary (draft, 2020).