Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ahma

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 This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From earlier *ašma (whence also Proto-Samic *vuosvēs), probably ultimately borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Haćman- (whence Sanskrit अश्मन् (aśman, “eater”)).

Noun

*ahma

  1. glutton (one who eats voraciously)

Inflection

Inflection of *ahma
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *ahma *ahmat
accusative *ahman *ahmat
genitive *ahman *ahmadën
*ahmoidën
partitive *ahmada *ahmoida
inessive *ahmassa
*ahmahna 		*ahmoissa
*ahmoihna
elative *ahmasta *ahmoista
illative *ahmahën *ahmoihën
adessive *ahmalla *ahmoilla
ablative *ahmalta *ahmoilta
allative *ahmalën
*ahmalëk 		*ahmoilën
*ahmoilëk
essive *ahmana *ahmoina
translative *ahmaksi *ahmoiksi
instructive *ahman *ahmoin
comitative *ahmanëk *ahmoinëk
abessive *ahmatta *ahmoitta

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Estonian: ahm (“glutton”) (rare, dialectal)
  • Finnish: ahma (“wolverine; (dialectal) glutton”), ⇒ ahmatti (“glutton”)
    • → Estonian: ahm (“wolverine”)
    • → Karelian: (South Karelian) ahma (“wolverine”) (rare, dialectal)
  • ⇒ Ingrian: ahmastaa (“to wolf down”)
  • → Proto-Samic: *āsvā (“sweet, delicious”)

From *ahmoi:

  • Finnish: (dialectal) ahmo (“greedy”)
  • Ingrian: ahmo (“greedy”)
  • Karelian:
    • North Karelian: ahmo (“wolverine; glutton”)
    • South Karelian: ahmo (“wolverine; glutton”)
  • Livvi: ahmoi (“wolverine; glutton”)
  • Ludian: ahmo (“wolverine”)

References

  1. ^ Holopainen, Sampsa (2019) Indo-Iranian borrowings in Uralic: Critical overview of sound substitutions and distribution criterion‎, University of Helsinki (PhD), →ISBN, pages 58–60
  2. ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*ahma”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto ‎ (in Finnish)

Further reading

  • “ahm”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
  • Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “ahma”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä ‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
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