From Proto-Uralic *appa-. Cognates include Proto-Samic *vuoppōtēk.
Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
present | past | imperative | optative | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st sing. | *ap'an | *ap'oin | — | *appagon |
2nd sing. | *ap'at | *ap'oit | *ap'ak | *appagos |
3rd sing. | *appabi *appa |
*appoi | *appagasën | *appagosën |
1st plur. | *ap'akmëk *ap'akmak |
*appoimëk *appoimak |
*appagatëmëk *appagatamak |
*appagotëmëk *appagotamak |
2nd plur. | *ap'aktëk *ap'aktak |
*appoidëk *appoidak |
*appagatë *appagata |
*appagot'ëk *appagotadak |
3rd plur. | *appabat *appa |
*appoi | *appagasën | *appagosën |
passive | *ap'aksën *ap'at'aksën |
*appadisën *ap'attisën |
*appadakahën *ap'attakahën |
*appadakohën *ap'attakohën |
connegative | *ap'ak | — | *appagak | *appagok |
passive connegative | *ap'aktak | — | *appadagak *ap'attagak |
*appadagok *ap'attagok |
conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
1st sing. | *ap'akcin | *appoicin | *appanën | |
2nd sing. | *ap'akcit | *appoicit | *appanët | |
3rd sing. | *ap'akci | *appoici | *appani | |
1st plur. | *ap'akcimëk *ap'akcimak |
*appoicimëk *appoicimak |
*appanëmëk *appanëmak | |
2nd plur. | *ap'akcidëk *ap'akcidak |
*appoicidëk *appoicidak |
*appanëdëk *appanëdak | |
3rd plur. | *ap'akci | *appoici | *appani | |
passive | *appadakcihën *ap'at'akcihën |
*appadicihën *ap'atticihën |
*appadanëhën *ap'attanëhën | |
connegative | *ap'akcik | *appoicik | *appanëk | |
passive connegative | *appadakcik *ap'at'akcik |
*appadicik *ap'atticik |
*appadanëk *ap'attanëk | |
non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
active | passive | |||
infinitive 1 | *appadak | present | *appaba | *appadapa *ap'attapa |
infinitive 2 | *appadë- | past | *appanut | *appadu *ap'attu |
gerund/supine | *appama | |||
action noun | *appaminen |