Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/johtadak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Unknown.
Verb
*johtadak (stem *johta-)
Inflection
Inflection of *johtadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *johtan | *johtëin | — | *johtagon |
| 2nd sing. | *johtat | *johtëit | *johtak | *johtagos |
| 3rd sing. | *johtabi *johta |
*johtëi | *johtagasën | *johtagosën |
| 1st plur. | *johtakmëk *johtakmak |
*johtëimëk *johtëimak |
*johtagatëmëk *johtagatamak |
*johtagotëmëk *johtagotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *johtaktëk *johtaktak |
*johtëidëk *johtëidak |
*johtagatë *johtagata |
*johtagot'ëk *johtagotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *johtabat *johta |
*johtëi | *johtagasën | *johtagosën |
| passive | *johtaksën *johtat'aksën |
*johtadisën *johtattisën |
*johtadakahën *johtattakahën |
*johtadakohën *johtattakohën |
| connegative | *johtak | — | *johtagak | *johtagok |
| passive connegative | *johtaktak | — | *johtadagak *johtattagak |
*johtadagok *johtattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *johtakcin | *johtëicin | *johtanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *johtakcit | *johtëicit | *johtanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *johtakci | *johtëici | *johtani | |
| 1st plur. | *johtakcimëk *johtakcimak |
*johtëicimëk *johtëicimak |
*johtanëmëk *johtanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *johtakcidëk *johtakcidak |
*johtëicidëk *johtëicidak |
*johtanëdëk *johtanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *johtakci | *johtëici | *johtani | |
| passive | *johtadakcihën *johtat'akcihën |
*johtadicihën *johtatticihën |
*johtadanëhën *johtattanëhën | |
| connegative | *johtakcik | *johtëicik | *johtanëk | |
| passive connegative | *johtadakcik *johtat'akcik |
*johtadicik *johtatticik |
*johtadanëk *johtattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *johtadak | present | *johtaba | *johtadapa *johtattapa |
| infinitive 2 | *johtadë- | past | *johtanut | *johtadu *johtattu |
| gerund/supine | *johtama | |||
| action noun | *johtaminen | |||
Derived terms
Descendants
From *johtidak (with *-idak):
Further reading
- “juhtima”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “johtaa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN