Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kaisila
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *gaisilaz (“staff, whip”) (whence German Geißel and Swedish gissel).
Noun
*kaisila
Inflection
Inflection of *kaisila
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kaisila | *kaisilat | |
| accusative | *kaisilan | *kaisilat | |
| genitive | *kaisilan | *kaisiladën *kaisiloidën | |
| partitive | *kaisilata | *kaisiloita | |
| inessive | *kaisilassa *kaisilahna |
*kaisiloissa *kaisiloihna | |
| elative | *kaisilasta | *kaisiloista | |
| illative | *kaisilasën | *kaisiloisën | |
| adessive | *kaisilalla | *kaisiloilla | |
| ablative | *kaisilalta | *kaisiloilta | |
| allative | *kaisilalën *kaisilalëk |
*kaisiloilën *kaisiloilëk | |
| essive | *kaisilana | *kaisiloina | |
| translative | *kaisilaksi | *kaisiloiksi | |
| instructive | *kaisilan | *kaisiloin | |
| comitative | *kaisilanëk | *kaisiloinëk | |
| abessive | *kaisilatta | *kaisiloitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: kaisel
- Finnish: kaisla, (dialectal) kaisila
- Ingrian: glaisa, klaiza
- Karelian: kaisla (Northern), kazla, kažla (Southern)
- Livvi: kažlu
- Ludian: kažl
- Votic: glaizõ
Further reading
- “kaisel”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012