Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kargait'ak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Unknown, but apparently contains the suffix *-it'ak.
Verb
*kargait'ak (stem *karkaida-)[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *kargait'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *karkaidan | *karkaicin | — | *kargaitkon |
| 2nd sing. | *karkaidat | *karkaicit | *karkaidak | *kargaitkos |
| 3rd sing. | *karkaidapi *kargait |
*karkaici | *kargaitkasën | *kargaitkosën |
| 1st plur. | *karkaidakmëk *karkaidakmak |
*karkaicimëk *karkaicimak |
*kargaitkatëmëk *kargaitkatamak |
*kargaitkotëmëk *kargaitkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *karkaidaktëk *karkaidaktak |
*karkaicidëk *karkaicidak |
*kargaitkatë *kargaitkata |
*kargaitkot'ëk *kargaitkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *karkaidabat *kargait |
*karkaici | *kargaitkasën | *kargaitkosën |
| passive | *karkaidaksën *karkaidat'aksën |
*kargaittisën *karkaidattihën |
*kargaittakahën *karkaidattagasën |
*kargaittakohën *karkaidattagosën |
| connegative | *karkaidak | — | *kargaitkak | *kargaitkok |
| passive connegative | *karkaidaktak | — | *kargaittagak *karkaidattagak |
*kargaittagok *karkaidattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *karkaidakcin | *karkaicicin | *kargainnën | |
| 2nd sing. | *karkaidakcit | *karkaicicit | *kargainnët | |
| 3rd sing. | *karkaidakci | *karkaicici | *kargainni | |
| 1st plur. | *karkaidakcimëk *karkaidakcimak |
*karkaicicimëk *karkaicicimak |
*kargainnëmëk *kargainnëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *karkaidakcidëk *karkaidakcidak |
*karkaicicidëk *karkaicicidak |
*kargainnëdëk *kargainnëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *karkaidakci | *karkaicici | *kargainni | |
| passive | *kargait'akcihën *karkaidat'akcisën |
*kargaitticihën *karkaidatticisën |
*kargaittanëhën *karkaidattanësën | |
| connegative | *karkaidakcik | *karkaicicik | *kargainnëk | |
| passive connegative | *kargait'akcik *karkaidat'akcik |
*kargaitticik *karkaidatticik |
*kargaittanëk *karkaidattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *kargait'ak | present | *karkaidapa | *kargaittapa *karkaidattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *kargaittë- | past | *kargainnut | *kargaittu *karkaidattu |
| gerund/supine | *karkaidama | |||
| action noun | *karkaidaminen | |||
Derived terms
Descendants
- Estonian: kargama/karata
- Finnish: karata
- Ingrian: karata
- Karelian: karata
- Livonian: kargõ
- Livvi: karrata
- Ludian: kargaita
- Veps: kargaita
- Võro: kargama/karadaq
- Votic: kargõtõ
References
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*karkaida-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto (in Finnish)
Further reading
- “kargama”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012