Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kurgistadak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *kwirkijaną and derived with + *-istadak.[1]
Verb
*kurgistadak (stem *kurgista-)[2]
- to strangle, to choke
- Synonym: *käk'istädäk
Inflection
Inflection of *kurgistadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *kurgistan | *kurgistoin | — | *kurgistagon |
| 2nd sing. | *kurgistat | *kurgistoit | *kurgistak | *kurgistagos |
| 3rd sing. | *kurgistapi *kurgista |
*kurgistoi | *kurgistakahën | *kurgistakohën |
| 1st plur. | *kurgistakmëk *kurgistakmak |
*kurgistoimëk *kurgistoimak |
*kurgistakadëmëk *kurgistakadamak |
*kurgistakodëmëk *kurgistakodamak |
| 2nd plur. | *kurgistaktëk *kurgistaktak |
*kurgistoidëk *kurgistoidak |
*kurgistakadë *kurgistakada |
*kurgistagot'ëk *kurgistakodadak |
| 3rd plur. | *kurgistabat *kurgista |
*kurgistoi | *kurgistakahën | *kurgistakohën |
| passive | *kurgistaksën *kurgistat'aksën |
*kurgistatihën *kurgistattihën |
*kurgistatagasën *kurgistattagasën |
*kurgistatagosën *kurgistattagosën |
| connegative | *kurgistak | — | *kurgistagak | *kurgistagok |
| passive connegative | *kurgistaktak | — | *kurgistatagak *kurgistattagak |
*kurgistatagok *kurgistattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *kurgistakcin | *kurgistoicin | *kurgistanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *kurgistakcit | *kurgistoicit | *kurgistanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *kurgistakci | *kurgistoici | *kurgistani | |
| 1st plur. | *kurgistakcimëk *kurgistakcimak |
*kurgistoicimëk *kurgistoicimak |
*kurgistanëmëk *kurgistanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *kurgistakcidëk *kurgistakcidak |
*kurgistoicidëk *kurgistoicidak |
*kurgistanëdëk *kurgistanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *kurgistakci | *kurgistoici | *kurgistani | |
| passive | *kurgistadakcisën *kurgistat'akcisën |
*kurgistaticisën *kurgistatticisën |
*kurgistatanësën *kurgistattanësën | |
| connegative | *kurgistakcik | *kurgistoicik | *kurgistanëk | |
| passive connegative | *kurgistadakcik *kurgistat'akcik |
*kurgistaticik *kurgistatticik |
*kurgistatanëk *kurgistattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *kurgistadak | present | *kurgistapa | *kurgistataba *kurgistattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *kurgistatë- | past | *kurgistanut | *kurgistatu *kurgistattu |
| gerund/supine | *kurgistama | |||
| action noun | *kurgistaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: (dialectal) kuristama/kuristada, kurgistama/kurgistada
- Finnish: kuristaa
- Ingrian: kuristaa
- Karelian:
- Livvi: kuristua
- Võro: kuristama/kuristaq
- Votic: kurissa
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “kuristaa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
References
- ^ Koivulehto, Jorma: Etymologisesti hämäriä -(is)tA-johdosverbejä, lainoja ja omapohjaisia SUSA/JSFOu 92 (2009)
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*kurgista-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary] (in Finnish)