Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/polkëdak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Unknown.
Verb
Inflection
Inflection of *polkëdak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *polgën | *polgin | — | *polkëgon |
| 2nd sing. | *polgët | *polgit | *polgëk | *polkëgos |
| 3rd sing. | *polkëbi *polki |
*polki | *polkëgasën | *polkëgosën |
| 1st plur. | *polgëkmëk *polgëkmak |
*polkimëk *polkimak |
*polkëgatëmëk *polkëgatamak |
*polkëgotëmëk *polkëgotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *polgëktëk *polgëktak |
*polkidëk *polkidak |
*polkëgatë *polkëgata |
*polkëgot'ëk *polkëgotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *polkëbat *polki |
*polki | *polkëgasën | *polkëgosën |
| passive | *polgëksën *polgët'aksën |
*polkëdisën *polgëttisën |
*polkëdakahën *polgëttakahën |
*polkëdakohën *polgëttakohën |
| connegative | *polgëk | — | *polkëgak | *polkëgok |
| passive connegative | *polgëktak | — | *polkëdagak *polgëttagak |
*polkëdagok *polgëttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *polgëkcin | *polkicin | *polkënën | |
| 2nd sing. | *polgëkcit | *polkicit | *polkënët | |
| 3rd sing. | *polgëkci | *polkici | *polkëni | |
| 1st plur. | *polgëkcimëk *polgëkcimak |
*polkicimëk *polkicimak |
*polkënëmëk *polkënëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *polgëkcidëk *polgëkcidak |
*polkicidëk *polkicidak |
*polkënëdëk *polkënëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *polgëkci | *polkici | *polkëni | |
| passive | *polkëdakcihën *polgët'akcihën |
*polkëdicihën *polgëtticihën |
*polkëdanëhën *polgëttanëhën | |
| connegative | *polgëkcik | *polkicik | *polkënëk | |
| passive connegative | *polkëdakcik *polgët'akcik |
*polkëdicik *polgëtticik |
*polkëdanëk *polgëttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *polkëdak | present | *polkëba | *polkëdapa *polgëttapa |
| infinitive 2 | *polkëdë- | past | *polkënut | *polkëdu *polgëttu |
| gerund/supine | *polkëma | |||
| action noun | *polkëminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: põlgama/põlata
- Finnish: polkea
- Ingrian: polkia
- Karelian:
- Livonian: pȯlgõ
- → Latvian: pulgot
- Livvi: polgie
- Ludian: polgeda
- Veps: polkta
- Võro: põlgma/põlgõq
- ⇒ Votic: (Mati, Pummala) põlgõttaa
References
Further reading
- “põlgama”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “polkea”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN