Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sulkëdak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Finno-Permic *śulke-.
Verb
Inflection
Inflection of *sulkëdak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *sulgën | *sulgin | — | *sulkëgon |
| 2nd sing. | *sulgët | *sulgit | *sulgëk | *sulkëgos |
| 3rd sing. | *sulkëbi *sulki |
*sulki | *sulkëgasën | *sulkëgosën |
| 1st plur. | *sulgëkmëk *sulgëkmak |
*sulkimëk *sulkimak |
*sulkëgatëmëk *sulkëgatamak |
*sulkëgotëmëk *sulkëgotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *sulgëktëk *sulgëktak |
*sulkidëk *sulkidak |
*sulkëgatë *sulkëgata |
*sulkëgot'ëk *sulkëgotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *sulkëbat *sulki |
*sulki | *sulkëgasën | *sulkëgosën |
| passive | *sulgëksën *sulgët'aksën |
*sulkëdisën *sulgëttisën |
*sulkëdakahën *sulgëttakahën |
*sulkëdakohën *sulgëttakohën |
| connegative | *sulgëk | — | *sulkëgak | *sulkëgok |
| passive connegative | *sulgëktak | — | *sulkëdagak *sulgëttagak |
*sulkëdagok *sulgëttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *sulgëkcin | *sulkicin | *sulkënën | |
| 2nd sing. | *sulgëkcit | *sulkicit | *sulkënët | |
| 3rd sing. | *sulgëkci | *sulkici | *sulkëni | |
| 1st plur. | *sulgëkcimëk *sulgëkcimak |
*sulkicimëk *sulkicimak |
*sulkënëmëk *sulkënëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *sulgëkcidëk *sulgëkcidak |
*sulkicidëk *sulkicidak |
*sulkënëdëk *sulkënëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *sulgëkci | *sulkici | *sulkëni | |
| passive | *sulkëdakcihën *sulgët'akcihën |
*sulkëdicihën *sulgëtticihën |
*sulkëdanëhën *sulgëttanëhën | |
| connegative | *sulgëkcik | *sulkicik | *sulkënëk | |
| passive connegative | *sulkëdakcik *sulgët'akcik |
*sulkëdicik *sulgëtticik |
*sulkëdanëk *sulgëttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *sulkëdak | present | *sulkëba | *sulkëdapa *sulgëttapa |
| infinitive 2 | *sulkëdë- | past | *sulkënut | *sulkëdu *sulgëttu |
| gerund/supine | *sulkëma | |||
| action noun | *sulkëminen | |||
Derived terms
Descendants
- Estonian: sulgema/sulgeda
- Finnish: sulkea
- → Karelian:
- North Karelian: (dialectal) šulkie
- → Karelian:
- Võro: sulgma/sulguq
References
Further reading
- “sulgema”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Entry #1600 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.