Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/toittadak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From *toi- + *-ttadak, probably from the same root as *toipudak
Verb
Inflection
Inflection of *toittadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *toit'an | *toit'ëin | — | *toittagon |
| 2nd sing. | *toit'at | *toit'ëit | *toit'ak | *toittagos |
| 3rd sing. | *toittabi *toitta |
*toittëi | *toittagasën | *toittagosën |
| 1st plur. | *toit'akmëk *toit'akmak |
*toittëimëk *toittëimak |
*toittagatëmëk *toittagatamak |
*toittagotëmëk *toittagotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *toit'aktëk *toit'aktak |
*toittëidëk *toittëidak |
*toittagatë *toittagata |
*toittagot'ëk *toittagotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *toittabat *toitta |
*toittëi | *toittagasën | *toittagosën |
| passive | *toit'aksën *toit'at'aksën |
*toittadisën *toit'attisën |
*toittadakahën *toit'attakahën |
*toittadakohën *toit'attakohën |
| connegative | *toit'ak | — | *toittagak | *toittagok |
| passive connegative | *toit'aktak | — | *toittadagak *toit'attagak |
*toittadagok *toit'attagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *toit'akcin | *toittëicin | *toittanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *toit'akcit | *toittëicit | *toittanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *toit'akci | *toittëici | *toittani | |
| 1st plur. | *toit'akcimëk *toit'akcimak |
*toittëicimëk *toittëicimak |
*toittanëmëk *toittanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *toit'akcidëk *toit'akcidak |
*toittëicidëk *toittëicidak |
*toittanëdëk *toittanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *toit'akci | *toittëici | *toittani | |
| passive | *toittadakcihën *toit'at'akcihën |
*toittadicihën *toit'atticihën |
*toittadanëhën *toit'attanëhën | |
| connegative | *toit'akcik | *toittëicik | *toittanëk | |
| passive connegative | *toittadakcik *toit'at'akcik |
*toittadicik *toit'atticik |
*toittadanëk *toit'attanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *toittadak | present | *toittaba | *toittadapa *toit'attapa |
| infinitive 2 | *toittadë- | past | *toittanut | *toittadu *toit'attu |
| gerund/supine | *toittama | |||
| action noun | *toittaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: toitma/toita
- Finnish: (dialectal) toittaa (“to affect, to grow, to understand”)
- Livonian: tuoitõ
References
Further reading
- “toitma”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “toittaa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN