Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þinhaną

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 This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *tenk- (“to be suitable”). Possibly related to Lithuanian tikti, Lithuanian patikti, Latvian tikt.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈθĩː.xɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*þinhaną

  1. to thrive

Inflection

Conjugation of *þinhaną (strong class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *þinhō *þinhaų — *þinhai ?
2nd singular *þinhizi *þinhaiz *þinh *þinhazai *þinhaizau
3rd singular *þinhidi *þinhai *þinhadau *þinhadai *þinhaidau
1st dual *þinhōz *þinhaiw — — —
2nd dual *þinhadiz *þinhaidiz *þinhadiz — —
1st plural *þinhamaz *þinhaim — *þinhandai *þinhaindau
2nd plural *þinhid *þinhaid *þinhid *þinhandai *þinhaindau
3rd plural *þinhandi *þinhain *þinhandau *þinhandai *þinhaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *þanh *þungį̄
2nd singular *þanht *þungīz
3rd singular *þanh *þungī
1st dual *þungū *þungīw
2nd dual *þungudiz *þungīdiz
1st plural *þungum *þungīm
2nd plural *þungud *þungīd
3rd plural *þungun *þungīn
present past
participles *þinhandz *þunganaz

Derived terms

Descendants

After -inh- had become -į̄h-, this verb was shifted to the first strong class by analogy in most daughter languages, but not in Old English. Old English also shows a secondary formation with leveling of Verner's alternation, probably back-formed to the lexicalized original past participle ġeþungen (“grown, thriven”).

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þinhan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 542
  2. ^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*þenxanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 421
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