Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þurftiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *þurbaną (“to need”) +‎ *þiz.^[1] Cognate with Sanskrit तृप्ति (tṛpti, “satisfaction, contentment”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈθurɸ.tiz/

Noun

*þurftiz f

need, necessity

Inflection

i-stemDeclension of *þurftiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*þurftiz	*þurftīz
vocative	*þurfti	*þurftīz
accusative	*þurftį	*þurftinz
genitive	*þurftīz	*þurftijǫ̂
dative	*þurftī	*þurftimaz
instrumental	*þurftī	*þurftimiz

Derived terms

*naudiþurftiz

Descendants

Old Frisian: *threft (in nēdthreft)
- West Frisian: needdrift
Old Saxon: thurft, thuruft; nōdthurft
Old Dutch: *thurft
- Middle Dutch: *durft (in nootdurft, nootdruft, nootdorft)
  - Dutch: nooddruft
    - Afrikaans: nooddruf
Old High German: durft, duruft; nōtdurft, nōtduruft
- Middle High German: durft
  - German: Durft; Notdurft
Old Norse: þurft, þyrft; nauðþurft
- Icelandic: þurft; nauðþurft
- Old Swedish: þorft, þyrft
  - Swedish: -torft in nödtorft
- Norwegian Nynorsk: turft
Gothic: 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍆𐍄𐍃 (þaurfts); 𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌳𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍆𐍄𐍃 (naudiþaurfts)

References

^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*þurfti-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 552

[1] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*þurfti-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 552

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