Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ist

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

Suffix

*-ist (adjective *-istaz)

  1. -est. Forms the superlative of certain adverbs.

Usage notes

This was the normal superlative suffix for all i-, u- and ja-stem adverbs. The regular a-stem adverbs sometimes used this suffix, and sometimes the related suffix *-ōst without any predictable rule. Proto-Germanic superlative adverbs

Derived terms

Descendants

This suffix probably became unproductive, largely being a relic in the few words it existed.

  • Old English: -est, -st
  • Old Frisian: -ist
  • Old Dutch: -ist
  • Old High German: -ist
  • Old Norse: -st
  • Gothic: -𐌹𐍃𐍄 (-ist)