Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/alaną

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 This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂életi, from *h₂el- (“to raise, feed, nourish”).[1] Cognate with Latin alō (“nourish”, verb)[1].

Verb

*alaną[2][3][4]

  1. to grow
  2. to grow old, to mature
  3. to breed
Inflection
Conjugation of *alaną (strong class 6)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *alō *alaų — *alai ?
2nd singular *alizi *alaiz *al *alazai *alaizau
3rd singular *alidi *alai *aladau *aladai *alaidau
1st dual *alōz *alaiw — — —
2nd dual *aladiz *alaidiz *aladiz — —
1st plural *alamaz *alaim — *alandai *alaindau
2nd plural *alid *alaid *alid *alandai *alaindau
3rd plural *alandi *alain *alandau *alandai *alaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *ōl *ōlį̄
2nd singular *ōlt *ōlīz
3rd singular *ōl *ōlī
1st dual *ōlū *ōlīw
2nd dual *ōludiz *ōlīdiz
1st plural *ōlum *ōlīm
2nd plural *ōlud *ōlīd
3rd plural *ōlun *ōlīn
present past
participles *alandz *alanaz
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *alan
    • Old English: alan
  • Proto-Norse:
  • Gothic: 𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽 (alan)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁elh₂- (“to drive, move, go”). Compare Ancient Greek ἐλαύνω (elaúnō, “move”), Latin alacer (“lively, active, brisk”).

Verb

*alaną

  1. to spurn, kick-start, drive, set in motion, move
Inflection
Conjugation of *alaną (strong class 6)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *alō *alaų — *alai ?
2nd singular *alizi *alaiz *al *alazai *alaizau
3rd singular *alidi *alai *aladau *aladai *alaidau
1st dual *alōz *alaiw — — —
2nd dual *aladiz *alaidiz *aladiz — —
1st plural *alamaz *alaim — *alandai *alaindau
2nd plural *alid *alaid *alid *alandai *alaindau
3rd plural *alandi *alain *alandau *alandai *alaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *ōl *ōlį̄
2nd singular *ōlt *ōlīz
3rd singular *ōl *ōlī
1st dual *ōlū *ōlīw
2nd dual *ōludiz *ōlīdiz
1st plural *ōlum *ōlīm
2nd plural *ōlud *ōlīd
3rd plural *ōlun *ōlīn
present past
participles *alandz *alanaz
Usage notes
  • This verb is not directly attested in any daughter languages. It is evinced only by possible derivatives and related terms.
Derived terms

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “oud”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎ (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
  2. ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*alan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 19
  3. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*alanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 12
  4. ^ Seebold, Elmar (1970) “AL-A-”, in Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (Janua Linguarum. Series practica; 85) (in German), Paris, Den Haag: Mouton, →ISBN, page 75
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