Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/glīdaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰleydʰ- (“to glide”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɣliː.ðɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*glīdaną^[1]^[2]

to glide; slide

Inflection

Conjugation of *glīdaną (strong class 1)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*glīdō	*glīdaų	—	*glīdai	?
2nd singular	*glīdizi	*glīdaiz	*glīd	*glīdazai	*glīdaizau
3rd singular	*glīdidi	*glīdai	*glīdadau	*glīdadai	*glīdaidau
1st dual	*glīdōz	*glīdaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*glīdadiz	*glīdaidiz	*glīdadiz	—	—
1st plural	*glīdamaz	*glīdaim	—	*glīdandai	*glīdaindau
2nd plural	*glīdid	*glīdaid	*glīdid	*glīdandai	*glīdaindau
3rd plural	*glīdandi	*glīdain	*glīdandau	*glīdandai	*glīdaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*glaid	*glidį̄
2nd singular	*glaist	*glidīz
3rd singular	*glaid	*glidī
1st dual	*glidū	*glidīw
2nd dual	*glidudiz	*glidīdiz
1st plural	*glidum	*glidīm
2nd plural	*glidud	*glidīd
3rd plural	*glidun	*glidīn

	present	past
participles	*glīdandz	*glidanaz

Related terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *glīdan
- Old English: glīdan
  - Middle English: gliden
    - Scots: glyde, glide
    - English: glide
- Old Frisian: glīda
  - Saterland Frisian: gliede
  - West Frisian: glide, glydzje
- Old Saxon: glīdan
  - Middle Low German: glīden
    - Low German: glieden
    - → Swedish: glida
    - → Danish: glide
- Old Dutch: *glīdan
  - Middle Dutch: gliden
    - Dutch: glijden
    - Limburgish: glieje
- Old High German: glītan
  - Middle High German: glīten
    - German: gleiten
    - Luxembourgish: gleeden
    - Yiddish: גלייטן (gleytn)
      - Yiddish: גליטשן (glitshn)
- → Old French: glacer, glasser, glisser, glier
  - Middle French: glicier, gliier, glisser
    - French: glisser
  - Picard: glicher
  - → Middle English: glacen, glasen
    - English: glance
    - ⇒ Middle English: glase, glace
→ Proto-Finnic: *liitädäk
- Finnish: liitää
- Karelian: liiteä

References

^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*glīdan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 181
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*ʒlīdanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 136

[1] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*glīdan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 181

[2] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*ʒlīdanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 136

[1]

[2]