Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grōaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to become green, grow”).
Pronunciation
Verb
*grōaną
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *grōō | *grōaų | — | *grōai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *grōizi | *grōaiz | *grō | *grōazai | *grōaizau | |
| 3rd singular | *grōidi | *grōai | *grōadau | *grōadai | *grōaidau | |
| 1st dual | *grōōz | *grōaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *grōadiz | *grōaidiz | *grōadiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *grōamaz | *grōaim | — | *grōandai | *grōaindau | |
| 2nd plural | *grōid | *grōaid | *grōid | *grōandai | *grōaindau | |
| 3rd plural | *grōandi | *grōain | *grōandau | *grōandai | *grōaindau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *gegrō | *gegrōį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *gegrōt | *gegrōīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *gegrō | *gegrōī | ||||
| 1st dual | *gegrōū | *gegrōīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *gegrōudiz | *gegrōīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *gegrōum | *gegrōīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *gegrōud | *gegrōīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *gegrōun | *gegrōīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *grōandz | *grōanaz | ||||
Usage notes
Originally, this word probably referred only to the growing of plants, not to growth in general. The more usual words for general growing were probably *wahsijaną and *aukaną.
Related terms
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *grōan
- Old Norse: gróa
References
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*grōan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 191