Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/knikkōną

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 This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From a morphologically obscure formation related to *knewą (“knee”) + *-lōną (“frequentative verbal suffix”),[1] perhaps reinforced by sound-symbolism.

Verb

*knikkōną

  1. to snap, fold

Inflection

Conjugation of *knikkōną (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *knikkō *knikkǭ — *knikkōi ?
2nd singular *knikkōsi *knikkōs *knikkō *knikkōsai *knikkōsau
3rd singular *knikkōþi *knikkō *knikkōþau *knikkōþai *knikkōþau
1st dual *knikkōs *knikkōw — — —
2nd dual *knikkōþiz *knikkōþiz *knikkōþiz — —
1st plural *knikkōmaz *knikkōm — *knikkōnþai *knikkōnþau
2nd plural *knikkōþ *knikkōþ *knikkōþ *knikkōnþai *knikkōnþau
3rd plural *knikkōnþi *knikkōn *knikkōnþau *knikkōnþai *knikkōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *knikkōdǭ *knikkōdēdį̄
2nd singular *knikkōdēz *knikkōdēdīz
3rd singular *knikkōdē *knikkōdēdī
1st dual *knikkōdēdū *knikkōdēdīw
2nd dual *knikkōdēdudiz *knikkōdēdīdiz
1st plural *knikkōdēdum *knikkōdēdīm
2nd plural *knikkōdēdud *knikkōdēdīd
3rd plural *knikkōdēdun *knikkōdēdīn
present past
participles *knikkōndz *knikkōdaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic:
    • Old Dutch:
    • Old High German:
      • Middle High German:
        • German: knicken (“to snap, bend”)
  • Old Norse:
    • Norwegian: knikka (“to kneel”)

References

  1. ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*knikkōn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 297
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