Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mulkōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *h₂ml̥ǵnéh₂-, a zero-grade iterative formation to Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ- (“to milk”). Closely related to the strong verb *melkaną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmul.kɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*mulkōną^[1]

to milk

Inflection

Conjugation of *mulkōną (weak class 2)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*mulkō	*mulkǭ	—	*mulkōi	?
2nd singular	*mulkōsi	*mulkōs	*mulkō	*mulkōsai	*mulkōsau
3rd singular	*mulkōþi	*mulkō	*mulkōþau	*mulkōþai	*mulkōþau
1st dual	*mulkōs	*mulkōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*mulkōþiz	*mulkōþiz	*mulkōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*mulkōmaz	*mulkōm	—	*mulkōnþai	*mulkōnþau
2nd plural	*mulkōþ	*mulkōþ	*mulkōþ	*mulkōnþai	*mulkōnþau
3rd plural	*mulkōnþi	*mulkōn	*mulkōnþau	*mulkōnþai	*mulkōnþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*mulkōdǭ	*mulkōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*mulkōdēz	*mulkōdēdīz
3rd singular	*mulkōdē	*mulkōdēdī
1st dual	*mulkōdēdū	*mulkōdēdīw
2nd dual	*mulkōdēdudiz	*mulkōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*mulkōdēdum	*mulkōdēdīm
2nd plural	*mulkōdēdud	*mulkōdēdīd
3rd plural	*mulkōdēdun	*mulkōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*mulkōndz	*mulkōdaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *molkōn
- Old Frisian: molkia
Old Norse: molka
- Old Swedish: molka
- Gutnish: mulka

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*mulkōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 374

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*mulkōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 374

[1]

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mulkōną

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