Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/nēhwāną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *nēhwaz (“near, close”) +‎ *-āną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈnɛː.xʷɑː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*nēhwāną^[1]

to come closer, to approach

Inflection

Conjugation of *nēhwāną (weak class 3)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*nēhwō	?	—	?	?
2nd singular	*nēhwaisi	?	*nēhwai	*nēhwāsai	?
3rd singular	*nēhwaiþi	?	*nēhwāþau	*nēhwāþai	?
1st dual	*nēhwōs	?	—	—	—
2nd dual	*nēhwāþiz	?	*nēhwāþiz	—	—
1st plural	*nēhwāmaz	?	—	*nēhwānþai	?
2nd plural	*nēhwaiþ	?	*nēhwaiþ	*nēhwānþai	?
3rd plural	*nēhwānþi	?	*nēhwānþau	*nēhwānþai	?

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*nēhwadǭ	*nēhwadēdį̄
2nd singular	*nēhwadēz	*nēhwadēdīz
3rd singular	*nēhwadē	*nēhwadēdī
1st dual	*nēhwadēdū	*nēhwadēdīw
2nd dual	*nēhwadēdudiz	*nēhwadēdīdiz
1st plural	*nēhwadēdum	*nēhwadēdīm
2nd plural	*nēhwadēdud	*nēhwadēdīd
3rd plural	*nēhwadēdun	*nēhwadēdīn

	present	past
participles	*nēhwāndz	*nēhwadaz

Related terms

*nēhwijaną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *nāhwēn
- Old English: *nēahian, *nēahwian
  - ⇒ Old English: ġenēahian, ġenēahwian
  - Middle English: neighen
    - English: nigh
- Old Saxon: *nāhōn
  - Middle Low German: nâgen
- Old Dutch: *nāhon
  - Middle Dutch: nâen
- Old High German: nāhēn
  - Middle High German: nahen
    - German: nahen
Old Norse: ná
- Icelandic: ná
- Norwegian:
  - Norwegian Bokmål: nå
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: nå
- Swedish: nå
- Danish: nå

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*nēxwēnan ~ *nēxwjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 286

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*nēxwēnan ~ *nēxwjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 286

[1]